Ch 19 Flashcards
What were the causes of WWI? (MAIN)
Militarism, The alliance system, nationalism, and imperialism
This is the development of armed forces and using them as a tool of diplomacy
Militarism
What was the triple entente?
(Allies) Russia, France, Britain, and later the US
What was the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire
This is the extending of economic and political control over others
Imperialism
This is the devotion to the interests and culture of one’s nation
Nationalism
This person was heir to the Austrian throne, but he was murdered when visiting Sarajevo by a Serbian nationalist
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
What is Sarajevo?
The capital of Bosnia
This was the German plan to invade Belgium & France
then focus 2 armies on Russia
Schlieffen Plan
This is the area between 2 parallel trenches
No Man’s Land
What was a trench structured like?
Barbed wire, a front line trench, a support trench, and a reverse trench in the back. In the far back was large range artillery
What connected trenches?
Communication lines
What did the British blockade with Germany ensure?
No weapons, food, and military supplies for the Germans
This was a British passenger liner sunk in 1915 by the German U-Boats
Lusitania
When did the US declare war?
April 1917
This was a 1917 german telegraph proposing a German-Mexican alliance to help Mexico regain US lands that were once theirs
The Zimmerman Note
What lands did the Zimmerman Note promise to help mexico re-gain?
Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona
Why did the US declare war?
The Zimmerman Note, unrestricted submarine warfare, and Russia got a representative government
What did the war boil down to for the US?
A war of democracies and monarchies
This is a 1917 act requiring men to register for military service
Selective Service Act
What did women do in the army?
They could volunteer as nurses without army ranks, pay, or benefits
This is escorting merchant ships by war ships to protect from U boats
Convoy system
What did germans have difficulty with once their fleet started to be destroyed?
Replace their losses with trained submariners
This man led the American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
John J. Pershing
This is warfare that relies on gas or deisel powered machinery
Mechanized warfare
This man was an esteemed soldier who was a conscientious objector
Alvin York
What is a conscientious objector?
A person who opposes war on moral grounds
This regulated the economy
War Industries Board
What did the War Industries Board focus on?
Encouraging Companies to use mass production techniques and production quotas
This man was the leader of the War Industries Board
Bernard M. Baruch
_____ introduced daylight savings time time
War industries board
What was a direct effect of the WIB?
Soaring profits and production up 20%
What happened as unions boomed?
Strikes and labor leaders became common
Why was the Food Administration set up?
To produce and conserve food
Why did people grow “Victory Gardens?”
To offset the cost of food by growing their own food
This is biased communication to influence peoples thoughts and actions
Propaganda
What did the Committee on Public Information do?
Promote patriotism by targeting the civil liberties of some ethnic groups
Who did propaganda tend to target?
Emigrants from Germany and Austria-Hungary
This man was the head of the committee on public education
George Creel
These imposed harsh penalties on anyone interfering with or speaking against participation in the war
The Espionage and Sedition Acts
This was Wilson’s plan for peace following WWI
14 Points Plan
What was bad about the Espionage and Sedition Acts?
They violated the 1st amendment and targeted socialists, laborers, and newspapers
What was the 1st part to the 14 point plan?
5 points to prevent another war
This is the movement of southern blacks to cities in the north
Great Migration
What was the 2nd part of the 14 point plan?
8 points on boundary changes
What was the 3rd part of the 14 point plan?
Making a League of Nations
What was the League of Nations?
1919-1946: international organization to adress diplomatic crises to precent war
How did Women become more liberated during the war?
They got suffrage and jobs previously held only by men
How did Wilson support suffrage?
He acknowledged its existence
What gave women the right to vote?
19th amendment in 1920
What was the death toll of the mysterious flu of 1918?
It killed 500,000 americans and 30 million worldwide, and ended suddenly in 1919
How did the Allies react to Wilson’s plan?
They rejected it
Who were not included in the peace talks?
Germany, Russia, and smal allied nations
What did the Treaty of Versailles do?
Make 9 new nations, banned Germany from maintaining an army, and germany to pay 33 billion in reparations
How did Germany’s treatment weaken the treaty?
They were not happy so it weakened a possibility for lasting peace
This is where Germany took sole responsibility for the war
War-Guilt Clause
What was taken from Germany?
Its colonies
How did the Russians lose more territory than Germany?
They were not at the peace talks
Why did the League of Nations not happen in America?
They thought we would need to change our policy of isolationism for entry and we would need to form our policy in accord with them
This senator was the main opposition for the League of Nations
Henry Cabot Lodge
What changes did the War bring in the US?
Social changes for blacks and women and a strengthened military and government
What was bad about the Treaty of Versailles>
It settled nothing
This man was a famous WWI Fighter pilot
Eddie Rickenbacker
