Ch 24 Flashcards
True or false: most fungi are multicellular and terrestrial?
True
Many chrytrids are
aquatic
Main fungus body
mycelium. network of filamentous (thread-like) hyphae. underground and not seen
Hyphae are made of tubular cells with rigid cell walls containing _____;
chitin. contain ergosterol. septate (cross walls) or coenocytic (common cytoplasm)
How do hyphae feed?
absorptive hetereoptrophs.
Rapid growth at
hyphen tips toward new food
appressoria
how hyphae force their way into plants. specialized cells with penetration peg. extremely strong (bULLETPROOF)
Haustoria
specialized hyphae: penetrates cell walls of host plant without killing
Are spores asexual or sexually made?
both
are spores haploid or diploid
haploid, grow into haploid mycelium
budding
single cell Yeasts, mitosis and asymmetric cytoplasmic division
does fungi have genders?
no. have mating types instead
3 steps to form a zygotes:
- plasmogamy: fusion of haploid (+ )and hyphae( -)
- heterokaryotic stage: hyphae with unfused haploid nuclei of both types
- karyogamy: fusion of haploid nuclei to form zygote 2n
Origin of fungi
OPISTHOKONTS, land invasion probs
5 types of fungi
chytrids, zygomycetes, glomoeromycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes
Chytrids:
flagellated spores (zoospores)
Zygomycetes
resistant zygosporangium, help survive harsh conditions
Glomeromycetes
mutualistic arbuscualr mycorrhizae: beneficial relationship between plants and fungi
Asocmycetes
Sexual spores within sac-like ascus
Basidiomycetes
sexual spores within club like basidium. mushrooms
Ectomycorrhizae meaning
mutualists association: fungus remains outside root and between cells
Endomycorrhizae
fungi penetrates cell walls and form haustoria.
mycosis
infection due to fungus
