Ch. 21 Flashcards
Common signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction include all of the following except:
-Persistent dry cough
-Flushing of the skin
-Drying of the eyes
-Abdominal cramps
Drying of the eyes
Epinephrine is indicated for patients with an allergic reaction when:
-Wheezing and hypotension are present
-The patient is anxious and tachycardic
-The reaction produces severe urticaria
-A paramedic is present at the scene
Wheezing and hypotension are present
The foreign substance responsible for causing an allergic reaction is called a(n):
-Histamine
-Leukotriene
-Antibody
-Allergen
Allergen
The stinger from a honeybee should be:
-Squeezed with tweezers and removed
-Scraped away from the skin
-Irrigated with copious amounts of water
-Left in place and covered
Scraped away from the skin
Two of the most common signs of anaphylaxis are:
-Expiratory stridor nad tachycardia
-Hypertension and swollen hands
-Urticaria and angioedema
-Water eyes and localized itching
Urticaria and angioedema
Urticaria is the medical term for:
-Burning
-Swelling
-A wheal
-Hives
Hives
Which of the following most accurately defines an allergic reaction?
-A direct negative effect on the body by an external substance
-An exaggerated immune system response to any substance
-A release of erythrocytes in response to a foreign substance
-Destruction of the immune system by an external substance
An exaggerated immune system response to any substance
Which of the following negative effects of anaphylaxis will be the most rapidly fatal if not treated immediately?
-Systemic vasodilation
-Severe hypotension
-Upper airway swelling
-Diffuse urticaria
Upper airway swelling
Which of the following would most likely provide clues regarding the source of a patient’s allergic reaction?
-The patient’s general physical appearance
-The environment in which the patient is found
-The time of year in which the exposure occurred
-The patient’s family history
The environment in which the patient is found
While auscultation breath sounds of a patient who was stung multiple times by a yellow jacket, you hear bilateral wheezing over all lung field. This indicates:
-A significant amount of fluid in the alveoli
-Narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs
-Rapid swelling of the upper airway tissues
-Enlargement of the bronchioles in the lungs
Narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs
The signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction are caused by the release of:
-Histamine
-Epinephrine
-Leukotrienes
-Both histamine and leukotrienes
Both histamine and leukotrienes
The negative effects associated with anaphylactic shock are the result of:
-Severe internal fluid loss
-Inadequate pumping of the heart
-Vasodilation and bronchoconstriction
-The nervous system’s release of adrenaline
Vasodilation and bronchoconstriction
You are called to a local baseball park for a 23-year-old man with difficulty breathing. He states that he ate a package of peanuts approximately 30 minutes ago and denies any allergies or past medical history. Your assessment reveals widespread urticaria, tachycardia, and a BP of 90/60 mm Hg. You can hear him wheezing, even without a stethoscope. You should be MOST suspicious of a(n):
-Acute asthma attack
-Mild allergic reaction
-Anaphylactic reaction
-Moderate allergic reaction
Anaphylactic reaction
What is a wheal?
-A raised, swollen, well-defined area of skin
-An area of localized swelling involving the lips, tongue, and larynx
-Generalized itching or burning that appears as multiple, small, raised areas on the skin
-An exaggerated immune response to any substance
A raised, swollen, well-defined area of skin
-An area of localized swelling involving the lips, tongue, and larynx
You are treating a woman who was stung numerous times by hornets. On assessment, you note that some of the stingers are still embedded in her skin. You should:
-Leave the stinger in place
-Scrape the stinger from her skin
-Pull the stingers out with tweezers
-Cover the stings with tight dressings
Scrape the stinger from her skin
A young male is experiencing signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock after being stung by a scorpion. His level of consciousness is diminished, his breathing is severely labored, you can hear inspiratory stridor, and his face is cyanotic. The patient has a prescribed epinephrine auto-injector. What should you do first?
-Assist him in administering his epinephrine
-Apply high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask
-Provide ventilatory assistance with a bag-valve mask
-Elevate his lungs and cover him with a warm blanket
Provide ventilatory assistance with a bag-valve mask
The most reliable indicator of upper airway swelling during a severe allergic reaction is:
-Stridor
-Anxiety
-Cyanosis
-Wheezing
Stridor
The most common trigger of anaphylaxis is:
-Plants
-Chemicals
-Medications
-Food
Food
The adults EpiPen system delivers _____ mg of epinephrine, and the infant=child system delivers _____ mg.
- 0.15, 0.3
- 0.3, 0.15
- 0.15, 0.5
- 0.5, 0.2
0.3, 0.15
When administering epinephrine by auto-injector, the EMT should hold the injector in place for:
- 5 seconds
- 10 seconds
- 20 seconds
- 30 seconds
10 seconds
