Ch. 16 Flashcards
Which of the following conditions would be least likely to result in hypoxia?
-Narcotic overdose
-Pulmonary edema
-Severe anxiety
-Pleural effusion
Severe anxiety
A conscious and alert 29-year-old female with a history of asthma complains of difficulty breathing that began after her morning jog. The temperature outside is 40F (5C). On exam, you hear bilateral expiratory wheezing. After providing supplemental oxygen, you should:
-Call medical control and ask how to proceed with treatment
-Place her in a recumbent position to facilitate breathing
-Determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler
-Contact medical control and administer an antihistamine
Determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler
An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both side of the chest. These findings are consistent with:
-Respiratory insufficiency
-An obstructed airway
-Adequate air exchange
-Respiratory difficulty
Adequate air exchange
At the onset of an acute asthma attack, patients commonly experience difficulty breathing and:
-Audible stridor
-Profound cyanosis
-Rales and rhonchi
-Expiratory wheezing
Audible stridor
Dyspnea is most accurately defined as:
-A marked increase in the exhalation phase
-Labored breathing with reduced tidal volume
-A complete cessation of respiratory effort
-Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sounds are characteristic of:
-Rhonchi
-Stridor
-Wheezing
-Rales
Stridor
In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur:
-The percentage of inhaled carbon dioxide must exceed the percentage of inhaled oxygen
-The pulmonary capillaries must be completely constricted and the alveoli must be collapsed
-There must be low quantities of pulmonary surfactant to allow for full alveolar expansion
-Oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane
Oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane
In what area of the lungs does respiration occur?
-Bronchi
-Alveoli
-Trachea
-Capillaries
Alveoli
When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal:
-The brain stem inhibits respirations
-Respiration decrease in rate and depth
-Respirations increase in rate and depth
-Exhalation lasts longer than inhalation
Respirations increase in rate and depth
Which of the following statements regarding pulse oximetry is correct?
-Caution must be exercised when using the pulse oximeter on a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning because falsely low readings are common.
-The pulse oximeter is a valuable assessment tool that measure the percentage of red blood cells that contain hemoglobin molecules
-Pulse oximetry measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen but does not measure the actual hemoglobin content of the blood
-Most otherwise healthy patients can maintain adequate oxygenation and good skin color with oxygen saturation readings as low as 70% to 80%
Pulse oximetry measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen but does not measure the actual hemoglobin content of the blood
The process in which oxygen and carbo dioxide are exchanged in the lungs is called:
-Respiration
-Ventilation
-Metabolism
-Inhalation
Respiration
Which of the following respiratory diseases causes obstruction of the lower airway?
-Croup
-Asthma
-Epiglottitis
-Laryngitis
Asthma
Which of the following diseases is potentially drug resistant and is thought to be transmitted by coughing?
-Tuberculosis
-Croup
-Diphtheria
-Epiglottitis
Tuberculosis
All of the following are causes of acute dyspnea, except:
-Asthma
-Emphysema
-Pneumothorax
-Pulmonary embolism
Emphysema
Bronchospasm is most often associated with:
-Asthma
-Bronchitis
-Pneumonia
-Pneumothorax
Asthma
A sudden onset of difficulty breathing, sharp, chest pain, and cyanosis that persists despite supplemental oxygen is most consistent with:
-Severe pneumonia
-Myocardial infarction
-A pulmonary embolism
-A spontaneous pneumothorax
A pulmonary embolism
Albuterol, a beta-2 agonist, is the generic name for:
-Alupent
-Metaprel
-Brethine
-Ventolin
Ventolin
An acute bacterial infection that results in swelling of the flap that covers the larynx during swallowing is called:
-Croup
-Laryngitis
-Epiglottitis
-Diphtheria
Epiglottitis
A 70-year-old man recently had a heart attack and now complains of severe difficulty breathing, especially when laying flat. He is coughing up pink, frothy secretions. This patient is most likely experiencing:
-Acute right heart failure
-Severe left heart failure
-An acute onset of bronchitis
-An acute pulmonary embolism
Severe left heart failure
Which of the following patients is breathing adequately?
-36-year-old man with cyanosis around the lips and irregular respirations
-29-year-old woman with respirations of 20 breaths/min, who is conscious and alert
-22-year-old man with labored respirations at a rate of 20 breaths/min and pale skin
-59-year-old woman with difficulty breathing, whose respirations are rapid and shallow
29-year-old woman with respirations of 20 breaths/min, who is conscious and alert
