Ch. 17 Flashcards
Angina pectoris occurs when:
-One or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm
-A coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque
-Myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply
-Myocardial oxygen supply exceed the demand
Myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply
Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by:
-Widespread dilation of the systemic vasculature
-Hypovolemia secondary to severe vomiting
-Decreased pumping force of the heart muscle
-A profound increase in the patient’s heart rate
Decreased pumping force of the heart muscle
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
-Right ventricle
-Left atrium
-Right atrium
-Left ventricle
Right atrium
Most patients are instructed by their physician to take up to ______ doses of nitroglycerin before calling EMS.
-Three
-Two
-Four
-Five
Three
Narrowing of the coronary arteries caused by a buildup of fatty deposits is called:
-Atherosclerosis
-Acute ischemia
-Arteriosclerosis
-Angina pectoris
Atherosclerosis
The electrical impulse generated by the heart originated in the:
-Sinoatrial node
-Bundle of His
-Atrioventricular node
-Coronary sinus
Sinoatrial node
The most common reason that many people experiencing AMI do not seek immediate medical attention is because they:
-Cannot afford it
-Are in denial
-Dp not trust EMTs
-Are elderly
Are in denial
When documenting a patient’s description of his or her chest pain or discomfort, the EMT should:
-Use medical terminology
-Underline the patient’s quotes
-Use the patient’s own words
-Document his or her own perception
Use the patient’s own words
Which of the following medications is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots from forming or getting bigger?
-Oxygen
-Metoprolol (Toprol)
-Furosemide (Lasix)
-Aspirin
Aspirin
Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
-Dependent edema
-Labored breathing
-Flat jugular veins
-Pulmonary edema
Dependent edema
All of the following are common signs and symptoms of cardiac ischemia, except:
-Headache
-Chest pressure
-Shortness of breath
-Anxiety or restlessness
Headache
While palpating the radial pulse of a 56-year-old man with chest pain, you note that the pulse rate is 86 beats/min and irregular. This indicates:
-Pain
-Fear
-Anxiety
-Dysrhythmia
Dysrhythmia
A 56-year-old man has an acute myocardial infarction. Which of the following blood vessels became blocked and led to his condition?
-Coronary veins
-Coronary arteries
-Pulmonary veins
-Pulmonary arteries
Coronary arteries
A major controllable risk factors for an AMI include:
-Older age
-Family history
-Cigarette smoking
-Male sex
Cigarette smoking
A patient with cardiac arrest secondary to ventricular fibrillation has the greatest chance for survival if:
-CPR is initiated within 10 minutes
-Oxygen and rapid transport are provided
-Defibrillation is provided within 2 minutes
-Paramedics arrive at the scene within 5 minutes
Defibrillation is provided within 2 minutes
A 59-year-old woman presents with chest pressure. She is conscious and alert, but her skin is cool, pale, and clammy. Your first step in providing care (treatment) should be:
-Apply the AED
-Administer oxygen
-Ask her if she takes nitroglycerin
-Take a complete set of vital sign
Administer oxygen
If a patient with an implanted pacemaker is in cardiac arrest, the EMT should:
-Avoid defibrillation with the AED and transport at once
-Not apply the AED until he or she contacts medical control
-Place the AED pads away from the pacemaker
-Apply the AED pass directly over the implanted pacemaker
Place the AED pads away from the pacemaker
The main advantage of the AED is:
-It provides quick delivery of a shock
-It is easier than performing CPR
-There is no need for ALS providers to be on scene
-All of the above
All of the above
After administering a nitroglycerin tablet to a patient, the EMT should:
-Check the expiration date of the nitroglycerin
-Reassess the patient’s blood pressure within 2 minutes
-Instruct the patient to chew the tablet until it is dissolved
-Ensure that the nitroglycerin is prescribed to the patient
Reassess the patient’s blood pressure within 2 minutes
Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients:
-With a systolic blood pressure less than 120 mm Hg
-With chest pain of greater than 3o minutes duration
-Who are currently taking antibiotics for an infection
-Who are younger than 40 years of age and have diabetes
With a systolic blood pressure less than 120 mm Hg
