Ch 20 Heart Flashcards
Bruit
Blowing, swishing sound; indicates turbulence from a local vascular cause and is a marker for atherosclerotic disease
Grading murmurs
- Frequency/pitch (high or low pitched)
- Intensity (loud or soft)
- Duration
- Timing (systole or diastole)
Heave or lift
Occurs with right ventricular hypertrophy (pulmonic hypertension, pulmonic valve disease and chronic lung disease)
You will feel a diffuse lifting impulse during systole at the left lower sternal border
Precordium
The area on the anterior chest directly overlying the heart and great vessels
Palpitation
Uncomfortable awareness of rapid or irregular heart rate
Pulse deficit
Signals a weak contraction of the ventricles; occurs with atrial fibrillation, premature beats and heart failure
S3
Occurs when the ventricles are resistant to filling during the early rapid filling phase. When the AV valves open and atrial blood first pours into the ventricles
S4
Occurs at the end of diastole when the ventricle is resistant to filling. The atria contract and push blood into a non compliant ventricle
Thrill
A palpable vibration on the chest wall. It feels like the throat of a purring cat. Signifies turbulent blood flow and accompanies loud murmurs
Venous hum
Caused by turbulence of blood flow in the jugular venous system- common in healthy children and has no pathologic significance.
Continuous, low-pitched, soft hum
Valve stenosis
a type of heart valve disease (valvular heart disease).
The valve between the lower left heart chamber and the body’s main artery (aorta) is narrowed and doesn’t open fully.
This reduces or blocks blood flow from the heart to the aorta and to the rest of the body.
Valve regurgitation
a type of heart valve disease in which the valve between the left heart chambers doesn’t close completely, allowing blood to leak backward across the valve.
It is the most common type of heart valve disease (valvular heart disease)
