Ch 2: Theoretical Foundations for the Nursing of Families + ch 7: Family health promotion (14 questions) Flashcards
What is the relationship between theory, practice and research?
A dynamic feedback loop rather than a static linear progression. They are mutually interdependent
True or false. Theories merges all at once
FALSE
theories build slowly over time
Define Inductive reasoning
Using a specific observation to form a general conclusion
Define deductive reasoning
Using a general idea to form a specific conclusion
What is a theory?
Interrelated concepts that link together to explain a phenomenon
What is the major function of theory in family nursing?
To provide knowledge and understanding that improves nursing care for families.
What are building blocks for theory?
concepts
Define concepts
The major idea expressed by a theory, may be abstracts or concrete and have different meanings in various conceptual or theoretical frameworks
Define propositions
Statements about the propose relationship between 2 or more concepts or a logical deduction from a theoretical statement
What are the 3 traditional theories that have formed family medicine?
1) Family social science theories
2) Family therapy theories
3) Nursing models and theories
Define family social science theories
- Best developed and informative about family phenomena
- Purist form is abstract
- targets normal families
Define family therapy theories
- Newer and not as well developed
- Focus primarily on family pathology
- Describes family dynamics and patterns
- Both descriptive and prescriptive
- target dysfunctional families
Define nursing conceptual framework
- Least developed theories
- Represents a deductive approach
Viewed more critically today - target family with health and illness problems
Define family systems theory
- Allows nurses to understand and assess families as an organized whole or as individual within an interactive and interdependent family system
abstract
What are the 4 components of family systems theory?
1) All parts of the system are interconnected
2) The whole is more than the sum of its parts
3) All systems have some forms of boundaries or borders between the system and its environment
4) Systems can be further organized into subsystems
What are the strengths of family systems theory?
- Views the family and its subsystems within the context of its suprasystems
- Excellent data gathering method and assessment strategy
What are the weakness of family systems theory?
- Not specific enough for beginners to define family nursing interventions
- Takes time and practice to develop ways to understand how a family as a whole is greater than each member
Define developmental and family life cycle theory
- Framework used for understanding normal family changes and experiences over members lifetimes
- Early work was primary based on the experiences of white middle class nuclear families
What are the 2 concepts of developmental and family cycle theory?
1) Families develop and change over time structure and responsibilities
2) Families experience transitions form one stage to another
What are the strengths for developmental and family cycle theory?
- Helps predict what a family may experience at any stage
- Helps health promotion
- Family strengths and available resources are easier to identify
What are the weakness for developmental and family cycle theory?
- Only focus on nuclear families. Two parent, heterosexual and intact
- Limited acknowledgment of cultural diversity and health disparities in families
Define bioecological systems theory
- Biological dispositions and environmental shape human development
- Encompasses environment, genetics and how it affects humans
what makes up the bioecological systems aka what are the 5 systems?
1) Microsystems - individuals and their families in everyday life experience
2) Mesosystems - relationship of how families react with other things like religion, school or with peers
3) Exosystems - external environmental factors that influence individuals and family indirectly ex: jobs
4) Macrosystem - culture, religions
5) chronosystems - changes in person or environment overtime
Which impacts an individual more? Proximal, intermediate or distal determinants?
Distal because it focuses on the root of the problem (ex: gov’t, policies)
Define Bronfenbrenner’s ecological perspective
An ecological perspective emphasizing the intricate dynamic between families and environmental factors that influences health
Define health equity
Identifying and removing systemic barriers that determine their access to economic, social, political and environmental resources for health
Define health equality
Every person has a fair and just opportunity to access the resources that they need to be as health as possible
Define intersectionality
Looks at multiple social categories such as race, ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation and analyzes how they intersect and related to one another and how they can come together rand affect the individual.
Define family resilience
Ability of the family to cope with the adversity and to overcome life challenges
Name the parts of the tree and match each one crown, trunk, roots to proximal, intermediate, distal?
Crown = Proximal (health behaviour, physical environment, education, income)
Trunk = Intermediate (health care systems, education systems, basically all the systems)
Roots = Distal (slavery, racism, colonialism)
