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T4- Systemic Patho > Ch 2 Cardio Inflammatory Dx > Flashcards

Ch 2 Cardio Inflammatory Dx Flashcards

1
Q

_____: recurrent inflam. (AI dx) Ass. w/ group A beta-hemolytic streptococci w/ M protein of the pharynx

A

Rheumatic Heart dx

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2
Q

Who is effected by Rheumatic heart dx

A

children 5-15yr

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3
Q

___: host develops antibody against M-protein of streptoccus

A

Rheumatic Heart dx

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4
Q

What are aschoff bodies

A

lesions located in myocardial CT

in rheumatic heart dx

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5
Q

what dx is ass. w/ aschoff bodies

A

rheumatic heart dx

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6
Q

Which heart inflam dx effects all three layers of the heart= pancarditis

A

Rheumatic heart dx

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7
Q

endocarditis involves ___ anatomical structure on the heart

A

mitral valve

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8
Q

Acute rheumatic dx leads to ____

A

mitral regurgitation during systol

chronic- stenosis

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9
Q

Chronic Rheumatic dx leads to ___

A

stenosis

acute= mitral regurgitation

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10
Q

What valve does Endocarditis most likely effect

A

mitral valve

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11
Q

___ is the most common cause of mitral valve stenosis

A

endocarditis

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12
Q

What are the 5 jones critieria for Rheumatic heart hc

A
  1. Carditis
  2. Migratory polyarthritis
    3 Subcutaneous nodules
  3. Erythema marginatum
  4. Rheumatic chorea
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13
Q

___: aschoff bodies in the myocardium

A

myocarditis

appears soft/ flabby/ dilated

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14
Q

____: bread and butter appearance with deposition of fibrin btw visceral and parietal layers

A

fibrinous pericarditis

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15
Q

______: plaques with clear center in the skin during rheumatic fever

A

erythema marginatum

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16
Q

______: over extensor surface made of giant aschoff bodies during rheumatic fever

A

subcutaneous nodules

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17
Q

____ stage of carditis can cause death during rheumatic fever

A

myocarditis

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18
Q

____: inflam of the myocardium

A

myocarditis

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19
Q

myocarditis is due to what virus

A

coxsackie B

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20
Q

The edema in myocarditis has ___cytes (not ___)

A

has lymphocytes (not neutrophils)

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21
Q

Asymptomatic myocarditis leads to what (3) conditions

A

fever
dyspnea
death

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22
Q

If a pt recovers from myocarditis it will led to: cc

A

congestive (dilated) cardiomyopathy

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23
Q

_____: dilated heart w. impaired contractibility

A

congestive cardiomyopathy

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24
Q

incidence of congestive cardiomyopathy

A

young adults

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25
Q

_____: hypertrophy of the septum and LV , reduced LV chamber

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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26
Q

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy etiology____

A

autosomal dominant - congenital

seen in young adults when they become active

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27
Q

___ cardiomyopathy can lead to “sudden death” in a young athlete

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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28
Q

____: cardiomyopathy will cause a decrease in compliance. This will lead to incr filling resistance , Decr CO

A

restrictive cardiomyopathy

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29
Q

accumulation of iron can cause ____ cardiomyopathy

A

restrictive cardiomyopathy

hemochromatosis coloring

30
Q

___ cardiomyopathy will have hemochromatosis coloring

A

restrictive cardiomyopathy - to much iron in the blood

31
Q

who is hemochromatosis most often seen in

32
Q

(4) conditions seen in restricitve cardiomyopathy

A
  1. amyloidosis
  2. hemochromatosis
  3. Loeffler’s endocarditis
  4. Endocardial fibroelastosis
33
Q

(3) types of cardiomyopathy

A

congestive
hypertrophic
restrictive

34
Q

(2) types of bacterial endocarditis

A
  1. acute bacterial endocarditis (ABE)

2. subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE)

35
Q

______: invasion of valves by microbial

A

bacterial endocarditis

36
Q

____ bacterial endocarditis is often seen in IV drug users

A

acute bacterial endocarditis

37
Q

______ is the bact. etiology of acute bact. endocarditis

A

staphylococcus aurus

38
Q

Which has a higher mortality rate: subacute or acute bact. endocarditis

A

acute: 30%
subacute: 60%

39
Q

Which valve is effected by acute bact. endocarditis

40
Q

___ bact. is the etiology for subacute bacterial endocarditis

A

streptococcus viridans

(dentist can’t work on ppl who have had previous heart conditions bc of this virus- pt needs to take an antibiotic before)

41
Q

name the 2 non-bacterial endocarditis conditions

A

libman’s sacks endocarditis

Marantic endocarditis

42
Q

Libman’s sack endocarditis is seen in pt with ___

43
Q

maramtoc endocarditis is seen in pt with ___ sx

A

paraneoplastic sx

44
Q

*** Left anterior descending artery supplies?-

A

the anterior wall of the left ventricle, apex of heart, and anterior 2/3 of the interventricular septum.

45
Q

***____ is the main cause of Coronary ischemic Heart dx

A

atherosclerosis

46
Q

*** What is the mech. of Prinzmetal’s angina?

A

vasospasm of the coronary vessels due to release of thromboxane A2 form platelet thrombi

47
Q

*** What is the #1 cause of MI

A

atherosclerosis

48
Q

*** What is a transmural infarction?

A

affects the endocardium, myocardium and pericardium

49
Q

***What is the MC location of MI

A

left anterior descending artery

- affects M on the anterior wall

50
Q

***___-__% of MI end in sudden death within 2-4 hrs, and __% of MI cases are asymptomatic

A

35-40% death

25% = asymptomatic

51
Q

*** arrhythmias MCC of death is ____

A

ventricular extrasytols

52
Q

cc_____: reduction of O2 blood to the myocardium

A

Coronary ischemic heart dx

53
Q

cc____ infarction : is a MI that only affects the myocardium

A

subendocardial infarction

54
Q

cc____ infarction: MI that affects the endo/myo/and pericardium

A

transmural infarction

55
Q 
cc\_\_\_\_\_\_: the Lab test are high in:
o	CK-MB
o	LDH-1
o	SGOT
o	Troponin
56
Q

cc___: is ass w/ L. ventricular hypertrophy → myofibrils incr w/ hyperchromatic nuclei

A

hypertensive Heart dx

57
Q

*** Rheumatic heart dx have ____ lesions located in the interstitial myocardial CT

A

aschoff bodies

58
Q

*** name / describe the three stages of aschoff bodies in rheumatic heart dx

A
  1. early exudative phase w/ fibrinoid degeneration
  2. classic phase: anitschkows myocytes & multinucleated aschoff giant cells
  3. late phase: progressive fibrosis
59
Q

***What is the cause of myocarditis in rheumatic heart dx

A

aschoff bodies

60
Q

CC_____: connection of the pulm art. to the aorta

A

patient ductus arteriosis (PDA)

61
Q

*** in a patient ductus arteriosis (PDA), a failure of the shunt ot close causes(4) :

A

L ventricular hypertrophy
machinery murmurs
pulmnary hypertension
R. ventricular hypertrophy

62
Q

***cc_______ defect: causes an opening in the communication btwn LA and RA with left to right shunt.

A

Atrial septal defect (ASD)

63
Q

*** Name the three types of Atrial septal defect (ASD)

A
  1. Ostium Primum: downs syndrome
  2. Ostium Secumdum: foramen ovale (most common)
  3. Sinus venosus
64
Q

*** ____ is the most common congenital heart dx in adults

A

atrial septal defect (ASD)

65
Q

***cc_____: defect in interventricular septum with shunting of blood from left to right

A

ventricular septal defect

aka: eisenmenger’s complex when it is cyanotic

66
Q

*** is the MC congenital acyanotic shunt defect

A

ventricular septal defect (VSD)

67
Q

*** Name the four abnormalities of tetralogy fallot

A

ventricular septal defect
R ventricular hypertrophy
pulm stenosis
over riding aorta

68
Q

What is the worst kind of cyanotic shunt defects

A

Eisenmenger’s complex: ventricular septal defect and pulm hyperension

changes from acyanotic (ventricular septal defect) to cyanotic

69
Q

*** Location of primary cardiac myxoma

70
Q

*** (b) tumor of the heart

A

cardiac rhabdomyomas

infants–> autosomal dominant
ass w/ retard.

71
Q

*** cc____: most common malignancy of the heart, direct extension from primary sites in the breast, lung or lymph nodes (malignant lymphoma).

T4- Systemic Patho (10 decks)

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