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Dental Materials > Ch 17 Teeth Whitening > Flashcards

Ch 17 Teeth Whitening Flashcards

1
Q

What is tooth whitening?

A
  • Cosmetic procedure that lightens the color of the teeth by removing stains or discoloration.
  • Most conservative treatment option for esthetic improvement of discolored
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2
Q

What us vital tooth whitening?

A
  • Non-invasive procedure that can be used to treat teeth that have become stained or discolored due to food, tobaco or age.
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3
Q

What is a nonvital tooth whitening?

A

A procedure that whitens the inside of a tooth that has no blood flow

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4
Q

Tooth whitening success dependent upon?

A
  • cause or type of stain
  • degree/intensity
  • whitening agent
  • strength of agent
  • length of exposure to tooth
  • whitening techniuque
  • tooth vitality
  • presence of restoration
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5
Q

What are the different types of posteruptive stain?

A
  • Amalgam restorations
  • Caries
  • Endodontic Treatments
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6
Q

What are the different types of preeruptive stain?

A
  • Tetracycline
  • Fluorosis
  • Dentinogenesis imperfecta
  • Amelogenesis imperfecta
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7
Q

How are extrinsic stain removed?

A
  • Brushing with toothbrush and toothpaste
  • scaling and polishing
  • whitening treatments
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8
Q

What are the chemical agents for a vital tooth whitening?

A
  • Hydrogen Peroxide (h2o2)- Decomposes into water and oxygen- releases free radicals of oxygen which reacts with pigments producing whitening effet.
  • Carbamide Peroxide (CH6N2O3)
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9
Q

What is Hydrogen Peroxide ?

A
  • can be liquid or gel
  • strengths vary 5 to 35%
  • Can penertrate enamel and dentin
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10
Q

Hydrogen Peroxide produces what?

A
  • reversible pulpitis- temporary inflammation of pulp tissue.
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11
Q

What does reversible pulpitis results into ?

A
  • Tooth sensitivity- main side effect reported from whitening
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12
Q

What does carbamide peroxide decomposes into?

A
  • Urea and Hydrogen peroxide then it breaks down to water and oxygen
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13
Q

What is carbamide peroxide?

A

strength vary from 10 to 20%
more stable than hydrogen peroxide products
contains carbopol- thickening agen increases adhesion

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14
Q

For every 30% Carbamide peroxide the is how many hydrogen peroxide?

A

10

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15
Q

10% carbamide peroxide is equivalent to about 3% hydrogen peroxide ?

A

True

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16
Q
A
17
Q

___ carbamide peroxide is equivalent to about ___ hydrogen peroxide ?

A

15% to 5%

18
Q

What is the break down time for hydrogen and carbamide peroxide?

A

Hydro- ative for 30-60 min
Carbamide- active for about 8 hrs

19
Q

What are some other chemicals agents used for tooth whitening?

A

Sodium Perborate- weak, used with hydro

20
Q

What chemical agent are used for nonvital tooth whitening?

A
  • Sodium Perborate (crystalline form)
  • Hydrogen Peroxide 35%
    Both used together
21
Q

What does research show that using both sodium perborate and hydrogen peroxide can cause?

A

cervical resorption

22
Q

What is the nonvital whitening process?

A
  • walking bleach (nickname)
  • sodium perborate crystals packed into hole from RCT
  • mixed with liqued
  • cover opening with cavit
  • see bacin in 1-2 weeks to remove
23
Q

How much percentage of hydrogen peroxide concentrations is used in office?

A

15-35%

24
Q

How much hydrogen concentrations is used with patient applied?

A

2-10%
worn for 30 min

25
Q

How much of carbamide peroxide concentrations is used with patient applied?

A
  • 10-22%
  • worn for mutiple 2 hours session or overnight
26
Q

Whitening will rebound within ___ and patient should not start restorative procedures within __ weeks of whitening?

A

2 weeks

27
Q

What are some contraindications?

A
  • Pregnant/nursing
  • enamel cracked or hypoplastic
  • carious lesions are present
  • cervical abrasions, sensitve recession areas tooth sensitivity
  • radiation
  • diagnoses with melanoma
  • amalgam stains
  • extensively restored teeth
  • allergies
28
Q

Tooth sensitivity may be prevented with use of dentifrice containing what?

A

potassium nitrate 2 weeks prior

29
Q

Sensitivity can be reduced by ?

A

Using neutral sodium fluoride or potassium nitrate twice daily for 30 min

Dental Materials (23 decks)

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