CH 14: Sexual Behaviours and Relationships Flashcards
1
Q
what did Masters and Johnson study?
A
- first researchers to investigate sexual response cycle
- published book Human Sexual Response
- focused on physiological aspects of sexual response
2
Q
2 fundamental processes of sexual response
A
1) myotonia= muscle tension
2) vasocongestion= swelling
3
Q
what is an orgasm
A
- intense sexual arousal that briefly peaks and is followed by rhythmic contractions of pelvic muscles
- Almost always associated with ejaculation in men (some women also)
4
Q
4 phases of sexual response cycle
A
1) excitement
2) plateau
3) orgasm
4) resolution
5
Q
excitement phase of sexual response cycle
A
vasocongestion results in penile erection and vaginal lubrication
6
Q
plateau phase of sexual response cycle
A
levelling off of responses
7
Q
orgasm phase of sexual response cycle
A
- briefest phase
- muscle spasm
- ejaculation in males
- vaginal and uterine contractions in females
8
Q
resolution phase of sexual response cycle
A
sexual system returns to its unaroused state
9
Q
Mans genital during sexual response cycle
–> excitement
A
- full erection of penis
- testes elevate toward perineum
- skin of scrotum tenses, thickens and elevates
10
Q
Mans genital during sexual response cycle
–> plateau
A
- colour of penile glans deepens
- cowper’s gland secretion
- prostate enlarges
- scrotum thickens
- testes increase in size and are fully elevated
11
Q
Mans genital during sexual response cycle
–> orgasm
A
- vas deferens contracts
- internal sphincter of bladder contracts
- seminal vesicle contracts
- anal sphincter contracts
- prostate gland contracts
- penile contracts
- urethral contraction
12
Q
Mans genital during sexual response cycle
–> resolution
A
- erection disappears
- testes descend
- scrotum thing and folds return
- loss of testicular congestion
- unstimulated
13
Q
vagina uterus during sexual response cycle
–> excitement phase
A
- uterus elevates up and away from vagina
- vaginal lubrication appears
- inner labia swell
- clitoris enlarges
14
Q
vagina uterus during sexual response cycle
–> plateau phase
A
- inner 2/3 vagina expands and lengthens
- outer third of vagina forms orgasmic platform
- inner labia increase in size and turn bright red
- uterus fully elevated
clitoris retracts under hood
15
Q
vagina uterus during sexual response cycle
–> orgasm phase
A
- uterus contracts
- orgasmic platform contracts
- anal sphincter contracts
16
Q
vagina uterus during sexual response cycle
–>resolution phase
A
- uterus shrinks, returns to normal position
- cervix drops to its normal position
- vagina returns to its unaroused position
- outer and inner labia return to normal size
- clitoris returns to normal size and position
17
Q
body during sex 3 stages
A
1) Serotonin, adrenaline released, the dopamine released
2) Plateau: NE is released during stimulation,
3) Orgasm: oxytocin level peaks
18
Q
Masters & Johnson don’t take into account ….
A
the brain, and cognitive processes involved
19
Q
Kaplans 3 stage model
A
proposed 3 independent phases
1) desire– cognitive (subjective)
2) excitement – vasocongestion
3) orgasm– contraction
20
Q
diversity in sexual relationships
A
- most people will form a monogamous relationship at some point in their life
- most relationships that become monogamous start with dating
21
Q
dating is viewed as…
A
courtship stage where partners are not sure how long they will choose to stay together
- most young north americans begin to date, in large groups around age 10-11
22
Q
Sexual explicit materials
A
textual, visual and or audial material that promotes or creates sexual arousal
23
Q
sexual satisfaction in long term relationships can fluctuate due to what circumstances (3)
A
- childbirth
- stress
- hormonal changes
24
Q
frequency of sex may decline mainly due to …
A
factors of aging
- not duration of the relationship
- 87% of married couples and 92% of cohabitating couples have sex monthly or weekly
25
6 Factors play role in determining at what age a person will first have sexual intercourse -- all linked to later age of first intercourse
- Positive emotional connections with family members
- Parental disapproval of early sex and contraceptive use
- Greater parental control
- Higher peer-related self-esteem
- Academic achievement and participation
- Greater religiosity
26
Earlier age first sexual intercourse 4 factors
- Greater peer pressure to have sex
- Substance use with friends
- Having older partner
- Prior experience of unwanted sexual contact
27
5 reasons for abstaining from sex
- Religious beliefs
- Concerns about contracting STI
- Concerns about becoming pregnant
- Feelings of insecurity, or inadequacy concerning sexual behaviour
- Not feeling loved by potential partner
28
Reluctant virgins
- Attribute virginity to shyness, poor body image, lack dating experience, poor social skills, logistical problems related to work or living arrangements
- Majority report feeling dissatisfied and unhappy with lack of sexual experience
- Others primarily distressed by lack of intimacy and love
29
what is sexual compliance
- individuals willing consent to engage in sexual behaviour when he/she does not desire sexual activity
- Women more likely to be sexually complaint
30
top 10 female sex fantasies
1) private dancer
2) exhibitionism
3) force fantasies
4) voyeurism
5) threesome with 2 men
6) threesome with another women
7) sex with a stranger
8) teacher/student
9) domination (you dominating her)
10) domination (her dominating you)
31
what are sexual fantasies?
- sexual thoughts or images that stimulate a person physiologically and/or emotionally
- Can engage in alone or during activity with partner
- Can originate from external sources such as media/stories, past experiences, hopes/dreams
32
top 5 sexual fantasies for men
1) threesome
2) prostitution
3) role playing
4) women who are off limits
5) exotic locations
33
sexual dreams
- one person sexual behaviour
- nocturnal emissions (sometimes)
- happens most frequently for males
34
autoeroticism
- one person sex
| - sexual stimulation
35
examples of autoeroticism
- masturbation-- self-stimulation
- masturbation techniques of men and women
- media and masturbation
36
masturbation with dildo
- penis shaped object used in sexual activity
- Women more likely to report using sex toy at least once during 4 week period
- Vibrator use associated with better sexual functioning, particularly in women
37
foreplay
- sexual behaviours with others
| - physical interactions that are sexually stimulating and set the the stage for intercourse
38
tantric sex main focus
- focus is foreplay
- emphasizes prolonged foreplay
- spiritual connection
- numerous variations
39
what is frottage
partners (clothed or not) rub or thrust their genitals against any part of the other persons body
40
interfemoral intercourse
man moves his penis between parters thighs without intromission
41
Coitus
intercourse in which man inserts penis into womens vagina
42
Trabadism
women rubs vulva against partners body
43
3 types of kissing
- simple kissing
- deep kissing
- kissing of other body parts
44
3 types of mouth-genital stimulation
- cunnilingus
- fellatio
- sixty-nining
45
what is cunnilingus
mouth stimulation of the female genitals
46
what is fellatio
mouth stimulation of the male genitals
47
what is sixty-nining
simultaneous mouth-genital stimulation
| - aka soixante-neuf
48
3 types of non-penetrative behaviours
- dry humping
- tribadism
- interfemoral sex
49
penile vaginal intercourse
- missionary position
- most common position used by heterosexual couples in canada
- best position for conception
- not good for man why wants to control ejaculation
50
women on top position
- women can control amount of stimulation
- easy to get clitoral stimulation
- many women find this best position for orgasm
- good for males who want to control orgasm or need to do less movement
51
rear entry position
- doggie style
- man has hands free to caress partner
- position may introduce air into vagina- noises are produced
- some couples dislike that they cannot see each others faces
52
side to side position
good for leisurely or prolonged intercourse if one or more partners are not feeling energetic
53
anal intercourse
- insertion penis into partners rectum
54
anilingus
- feuille de rose
- aka rimming
- mouth stimulation of partners anus
55
polyamory
being in romantic relationship with more than one person at the same time
56
polygamy
- type of polyamory
| - One person is married to more than one spouse simultaneously
57
swinging
- practice of both partners in an emotionally committed or married couple agreeing to and participating in sex with other individuals, usually at the same time
- Do it because: want to live communally with other swingers, to form an emotional attachment with another couple, for pleasure-seeking or fun
58
infidelity
- takes place covertly in terms of a relationship that is agreed by both partners to be monogamous
- One of the most common reasons for separation and divorce
- Can take form of separate acts of extramarital sex or an ongoing affair- in which married individual develops emotional and sexual relationship with someone other than their spouse
59
Theoretical persectives on how media influences sexuality (3)
1) Agent-setting theory: proposes that media influence our thoughts and behaviour by highlighting what we should pay attention to, media set the agenda
2) Cultivation theory: proposes that medial portrayals create a shared set of values and expectations about reality among media consumers
3) Social learning theory: proposes that individuals model characters seen in media, especially those who receive positive rewards
60
4 positive influences of media
- Provides quick access to reliable information on sexual health
- Offer diverse sexual models that may serve as personal role models and offer guidance for relationship interactions
- Possible that media characters allow individuals to vicariously practice sexual and relationship norms and ideals
- Newer media outlets such as girl-zines (online magazine) may allow young women in particular an outlet for sexual expression
61
People use internet for variety of sexual activities:
finding sexual partners, wating explicit films, buying sex toys/aids, engaging erotic chatting. These activities are referred to as Online sexual activity (OSA)- 3 categories
62
Online sexual activity (OSA)- 3 categories
1) Establishing and maintaining relationship
2) Obtaining sexuality information
3) Obtaining sexual gratification
63
Negative effects of OSA
- online text-based interactions lead to communication problems between partners
- Over-involvement in solitary OSA may result in one partner neglecting his/her responsibilities toward the other (e.g responsibility to spend time engaging with partner)
64
Positive effects OSA
- mild/moderate amounts OSA benefit relationships for both men and women
- Reported increased quality and frequency of sexual activity, increase intimacy with partners
- Men and women reported engaging in OSA with partner improved sexual communication between them
65
soft-core
erotically suggestive without showing genitals or sexual penetration
66
hard-core
explicitly depicting genitals and/or sexual penetration
