Ch 14 Hindbrain/Midbrain

Question 1

Medulla oblongata function

Answer 1

relay sensory information, controls heart rate, regulates blood pressure, motor control

Question 2

Regions of the medulla oblongata

Answer 2

pyramids, anterior median fissure, pyramidal decussation

Question 3

Pyramid function

Answer 3

sends information from one side of the brain to the other

Question 4

Decussation definition

Answer 4

crossing over of neural pathways from one side to the other

Question 5

Cardiovascular center function

Answer 5

regulate heart rate and force of contraction

Question 6

Respiratory center function

Answer 6

set the basic pace of respiratory movements

Question 7

Pons function

Answer 7

respiratory control, sleep regulation, relay station for brain signals

Question 8

Midbrain function

Answer 8

sensory processing, motor control, connects brain regions

Question 9

Superior colliculi function

Answer 9

visual reflex

Question 10

Inferior colliculi function

Answer 10

auditory reflex

Question 11

Substantia nigra function

Answer 11

relays inhibitory signals to the thalamus to help smooth out our movements

Question 12

What does the substantia nigra contain a lot of?

Answer 12

melanin

Question 13

What does the red nucleus contain a lot of?

Answer 13

blood vessels

Question 14

Red nucleus function

Answer 14

connections to the cerebellum allow collaboration in fine motor control

Question 15

What houses the red nucleus?

Answer 15

tegmentum

Question 16

Function of peduncles

Answer 16

connection of brain regions

Question 17

What does the cerebral peduncles connect

Answer 17

cerebrum to the brainstem

Question 18

How many cerebellar peduncles are there?

Answer 18

3; superior, middle, and inferior

Question 19

What does the superior cerebellar peduncles connect?

Answer 19

cerebellum to midbrain

Question 20

What does the middle cerebellar peduncles connect?

Answer 20

cerebellum to pons

Question 21

What does the inferior cerebellar peduncles connect?

Answer 21

cerebellum to medulla oblongata

Question 22

Where is reticular formation

Answer 22

pons, midbrain, and medulla

Question 23

Reticular formation function

Answer 23

regulates vital autonomic functions

Question 24

Cerebellum functions

Answer 24

motor skill memory, coordinate movement, send corrective information to motor areas of cerebrum

Question 25

Folia definition

Answer 25

folds in the cerebellum

Question 26

Arbor vitae definition

Answer 26

branches of white matter in the cerebellum

Question 27

Vermis definition

Answer 27

connects left and right cerebellar hemispheres

Question 28

Ataxia definition

Answer 28

lack of voluntary coordination of muscle movements due to alcohol

Question 29

Autonomic centers definition

Answer 29

neural regions controlling involuntary body functions

Question 30

3 relay stations

Answer 30

olivary nucleus, cuneate nucleus, gracile nucleus

Question 31

What are relay stations?

Answer 31

neural structures that receive sensory signals, process and transfer information, and route signals to appropriate brain regions

Question 32

What does the brainstem consist of?

Answer 32

Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain

Question 33

Descending tracts definition

Answer 33

carry motor commands from higher centers to nuclei of cranial or spinal nerves

Question 34

Ascending tracts definition

Answer 34

carry sensory information from brainstem nuclei to the thalamus

Question 35

Transverse cerebellar fibers function

Answer 35

interconnect cerebellar hemispheres

Question 36

Apneustic and pneumotaxic centers function

Answer 36

adjust activities of the respiratory rhythmicity centers in the medulla oblongata

Question 37

Nuclei of cranial nerves V-VIII function

Answer 37

relay sensory information and issue somatic motor commands

Question 38

Somatic definition

Answer 38

relating to the body

Question 39

What 2 parts make up the tectum?

Answer 39

inferior and superior colliculi

Question 40

Cerebral crus function

Answer 40

connects cerebrum to pons

Question 41

Cerebral aqueduct function

Answer 41

cerebrospinal fluid circulation

Question 42

Reticular activating system (RAS) function

Answer 42

controls alertness and sleep-wake cycles; determines which sounds cause alertness

Question 43

Decussation pyramid function

Answer 43

contralateral motor control