Ch 14 Brain Evolution Flashcards
Term for process of brain evolution events
Cephalization
Cephalization definition
creation of the brain
Rostral definition
toward the forehead
Caudal definition
toward the spinal cord
Longitudinal Fissure definition
deep groove that separates cerebral hemispheres
Gyri definition
thick folds on brain surface
Sulci definition
shallow grooves between gyri
Corpus callosum definition
thick tracts at bottom of longitudinal fissure that connects hemispheres
Process of brain development
- neural plate formation
- neural fold formation
- neural tube creation
- primary vesicle development
- secondary vesicle development
Formation of the embryonic neural tube
- mesoderm thickens to form neural plate
- neural plate sinks to form neural fold
- neural fold turns into neural tube
Three layers of tissue in the embryo
endoderm (inner), mesoderm (middle), ectoderm (outer)
Ectoderm definition
outer layer of embryonic tissue
What primary tissue layer does the nervous system develop from?
ectoderm
Neural plate development
third week of development, mesoderm thickens to form neural plate
Neural plate definition
precursor to the brain and spinal cord
Neural fold development
neural plate sinks to form neural fold which is a hollow tube
Neural fold definition
raised edges that form along the sides of the neural plate
Prosencephalon definition
forebrain
What does the prosencephalon form?
cerebrum and diencephalon
Mesencephalon definition
midbrain
What does the mesencephalon form?
midbrain
Rhombencephalon definition
hindbrain
What does the rhombencephalon form?
cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata
Vesicle definition
small, hollow, fluid-filled sac in the developing brain
Ventricle definition
interconnected cavities within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid
