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Hematology > Ch. 14 - Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate > Flashcards

Ch. 14 - Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Flashcards

0
Q 
Which among the following is ESR found to be normal?
First 24 hours of acute appendicitis
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Pyogenic arthritis
Early stage of acute pelvic inflammatory disease
Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
A

Osteoarthritis

First 24 hours of acute appendicitis

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1
Q

This is commonly used as a general screening test and it is useful for monitoring the course of an existing inflammatory diseaseor for differentiating between similar diseases.

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

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2
Q 
Which among the following is ESR found to be elevated?
First 24 hours of acute appendicitis
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Pyogenic arthritis
Early stage of acute pelvic inflammatory disease
Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
A 
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Pyogenic arthritis
Early stage of acute pelvic inflammatory disease
Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
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3
Q

This is the distance in millimeters that the RBCs fall in 1 hr.

A

ESR

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4
Q

Enumerate factors that affect the ESR

A

Erythrocytes
Plasma
Mechanical and technical factors

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5
Q

The repulsive forces of the negatively charged surfaces of erythrocytes are partially or totally counteracted if there are increased quantities of positively charged plasm proteins; the erythrocytes settle more rapidly as a result of the formation of RBC aggregates or rouleaux. Give examples of macromolecules that can produce this reaction.

A

Fibrinogen
Beta-globulins
Pathologic immunoglobulins

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6
Q

(T/F) ESR is inversely proportional to the RBC mass and directly proportional to plasma viscosity.

A

F

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7
Q

The most commonly used method for ESR measurement

A

Modified Westergren ESR

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8
Q

One advantage of this method for measuring ESR is that is uses a taller column height that allows the detection of highly elevated ESR.

A

Modified Westergren ESR

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9
Q

It is the method of ESR measurement recommended by the International Council for Standardization in Hematology and the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute.

A

Modified Westergren ESR

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10
Q

What is the name of your love?

A

PALINGGER!!! :))) hihihi ave you! Good luck sa exams!!

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11
Q

What type of blood should be used in the Modified Westergren ESR?

A

Blood collected in EDTA and dilute at four parts blood to one part 3.8% sodium citrate or 0.85% sodium chloride
Blood collected directly into special sedimentation test tube containing sodium citrate

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12
Q

The Blood collected in EDTA is diluted at four parts blood to one part _____ or _____.

A
  1. 8% sodium citrate

0. 85% sodium chloride

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13
Q

Aside from blood collected from an EDTA tube, what type of blood an be used for Modified Westergren ESR?

A

Blood collected directly into special sedimentation test tube containing sodium citrate

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14
Q

The column used in Modified Westergren ESR has a ___ mm height and ___ internal diameter or more.

A

200

2.55

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15
Q

In Modified Westergren ESR, how long will the column be allowed to stand undisturbed?

A

60 mins

16
Q

This was the sample used when the Wintrobe ESR was first introduced.

A

Oxalate-anticoagulated whole blood .

17
Q

This was the height of the column used when the Wintrobe ESR was first introduced.

A

100mm

18
Q

This is the present sample used in the Wintrobe ESR.

A

EDTA treated whole blood

Citrated whole blood

19
Q

In Wintrobe ESR, the column used at present is (longer/shorter) than the column used when it was first introduced.

A

Shorter

20
Q

In Wintrobe ESR, the shorter column height used allows an increased _____ in detecting mildly elevated ESRs.

A

Sensitivity

21
Q

In Wintrobe ESR, what is the minimum amount of blood, collected in EDTA, needed?

A

2mL

22
Q

What is the reference range for the ESR of males 0-50 years of age?

A

0-15 mm

23
Q

What is the reference range for the ESR of males >50 years of age?

A

0-20 mm

24
Q

What is the reference range for the ESR of females 0-50 years of age?

A

0-20 mm

25
Q

What is the reference range for the ESR of females >50 years of age?

A

0-30 mm

26
Q

What is the reference range for the ESR of infants?

A

0-10 mm

27
Q

What drugs increase ESR?

A 
Dextran
Heparin
Penicillamine
Procainamide
Theophylline
Vitamin A
28
Q

At drugs decrease ESR?

A 
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin)
Cortisone
Ethambutol
Quinine
Salicylates
29
Q

In disposable kits available for ESR testing, the presence of _____ makes the pipette a closed system and eliminates the error involved in the manually setting of the blood to the zero mark.

A

Safety caps

30
Q

This is a type of disposable kit available for ESR testing that is a bench-top analyzer designed to determine ESR by use of an optoelectronic sensor

A

Ves-Matic system

31
Q

This measures the change in opacity of a column of blood as sedimentation of blood progresses.

A

Optoelectronic sensor

32
Q

In the Ves-Matic system, blood is collected in special Ves-Tec or Vacu-Tec tubes, which contain _____ and are compatible with the vacutainer system.

A

Sodium citrate

33
Q

In the Ves-Matic system, acceleration of sedimentation is achieved by positioning the tubes at an ___ degree angle in relation to the vertical axis.

A

18

34
Q

In the Ves-Matic system, results are obtained in ___ mins

A

20

35
Q

This automated ESR analyzer uses the principle of infrared measurement. Capable of testing one to eight specimens randomly or simultaneously and provides results in 15 mins.

A

Sedimat 15

36
Q

This is a type of disposable kit available for ESR testing that is based on centrifugation.
Advantage: smaller sample volume required, shorter testing time
(More suitable for pediatric population)
Disadvantage: number of exacting pre-analytical steps that must be strictly followed to prevent erroneous results

A

ESR STAT PLUS system

37
Q

What are the advantages of the ESR STAT PLUS system?

A

Smaller sample volume required
Shorter testing time
(More suitable for pediatric population)

38
Q

What are the disadvantages of the ESR STAT PLUS system?

A

Number of exacting pre-analytical steps that must be strictly followed to prevent erroneous results

Hematology (13 decks)

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