Ch. 14

Question 1

Genetic transformation

Answer 1

federick griffin
studied pneumonia, 2 strains pathogenic and non-pathogenic

Question 2

genetic determination

Answer 2

hershey and chase
used bacteriophages (T2) and bacteria (e-coli)
determined DNA not protein was source of generic information

Question 3

DNA structur determination

Answer 3

chargaff
studied sea urchins
determined equal percentages of A&T, and C&G

Question 4

DNA replication

Answer 4

meselson and stahl
studied DNA replication possibilites
determined DNA divides in semi-conservative way

Question 5

unwinds the DNA double helix

Answer 5

helicase

Question 6

lays down RNA primers

Answer 6

RNA primase

Question 7

main polymerase responsible for majority of DNA synthesis

Answer 7

DNA poly III

Question 8

prevents DNA from supercoiling

Answer 8

DNA gyrase (topoisomerase)

Question 9

3’ to 5’ is

Answer 9

leading strand

Question 10

5’ to 3’ is

Answer 10

lagging strand

Question 11

DNA pol III can only add nucleotides to

Answer 11

3’ end

Question 12

leading strand synthesized

Answer 12

continuously

Question 13

lagging strand synthesized

Answer 13

discontinuously

Question 14

telomeres

Answer 14

repeated DNA sequences on the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes

Question 15

telomerase

Answer 15

produces telomeres

Question 16

DNA can be damaged by chemical or physical agents called

Answer 16

mutagens

Question 17

2 types of DNA repair mechanisms

Answer 17

Specific
Non-specific

Question 18

specific DNA repair

Answer 18

targeting a particular type of DNA damage

Question 19

non-specific DNA repair

Answer 19

able to repair many kinds of DNA damage

Question 20

excision repair steps

Answer 20

recognition of damage
removal of damaged region
resynthesis using information on the undamaged strand as a template