Ch 13 Titrations in Analytical Chemistry Flashcards
are based on determining the quantity of a reagent of
known concentration that is required
to react completely with the analyte.
Titration methods
is a reagent of known concentration that
is used to carry out a volumetric titration.
A standard solution (or a standard titrant)
The _______ is performed by slowly adding a standard solution from a buret or other liquid-dispensing device to a solution
of the analyte until the reaction between the two is judged complete
titration
is a process in which
the excess of a standard solution used
to consume an analyte is determined
by titration with a second standard
solution. It is often
required when the rate of reaction
between the analyte and reagent is slow
or when the standard solution lacks
stability
Back-titration i
The ________ is the point in
a titration when the amount of added
standard reagent is equivalent to the
amount of analyte.
equivalence point
The ________is the point in a titration when a physical change occurs
that is associated with the condition of
chemical equivalence.
end point
The
difference in volume or mass between the equivalence point and the end point is the
titration error
Formula for titration error
Et = Vep - Veq
where:
Vep is the actual volume of reagent
required to reach the end point
Veq is the theoretical volume necessary to
reach the equivalence point.
A _____________ is a highly purified compound that serves as a reference material in titrations and in other analytical methods
primary standard
the concentration of a volumetric solution is determined by titrating it against a carefully
measured quantity of a primary or secondary standard or an exactly known
volume of another standard solution
Standardization
is the number of moles of reagent contained in one liter of solution,
Molar concentration
is the number of equivalents of reagent in the
same volume.
Normal concentration
differ from their volumetric counterparts
in that the mass of titrant is measured rather than the volume
gravimetric titrations
The most common way to express concentration for mass titrations is the
weight
concentration or the molality
are plots of a
concentration-related variable versus
titrant volume.
Titration curves
