Ch. 13: Families and Religion

Question 1

What is a family?

Answer 1

A primary group of people connected by blood, marriage, or adoption, in a cooperative economic unit to care for offspring and each other.

Question 2

What is a kinship system?

Answer 2

A pattern of relationships that define people’s relationships to one another within a family.

Question 3

Define polygamy.

Answer 3

The practice of men or women having multiple marriage partners.

Question 4

Define manogamy.

Answer 4

The practice of a sexually exclusive marriage with one spouse at a time.

Question 5

What are the 3 types of kinship?

Answer 5

Patrilineal, matrilineal, and bilateral

Question 6

What is a patrilineal kinship?

Answer 6

A kinship system that traces descent through the father

Question 7

What is a matrilineal kinship?

Answer 7

A kinship system that traces descent through the mother

Question 8

What is a bilateral kinship?

Answer 8

A kinship system that traces descent through both the mother and father

Question 9

What is an extended family?

Answer 9

The whole network of parents, children, and other relatives who form a family unit and often reside together.

Question 10

What is a nuclear family?

Answer 10

A married couple that resides together with their children

Question 11

What do functionalists think about family?

Answer 11

They see the family as filling particular social needs, including socializing children

Question 12

What do conflict theorists think about family?

Answer 12

They view family as a system of power relations that reinforces and reflects the inequalities in society

Question 13

What do symbolic interactionists think about family?

Answer 13

They view family at a micro level; marriage is socially constructed and roles are variable

Question 14

What 2 things help create diversity in families?

Answer 14

Demographic and structural changes

Question 15

What are the causes of the increasing number of female-headed households?

Answer 15

High rate of pregnancy among unmarried teens and high divorce rate

Question 16

What is social speedup?

Answer 16

When working parents feel that there is too much to do and too little time to do it

Question 17

What tends to shape power dynamics within marriage?

Answer 17

Gender roles

Question 18

What factors contribute to the U.S. having high divorce rates?

Answer 18

Demographic changes, individualism, and changes in women’s roles

Question 19

What is incest?

Answer 19

A form of child abuse involving sexual relations between people who are closely related

Question 20

What is a transnational family?

Answer 20

A family where one parent (or both) lives and works in one country while his or her children remain in the country of origin.

Question 21

What is the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)?

Answer 21

A federal law requiring employers of a certain size to grant leave to employees for purposes of family care

Question 22

Define religion.

Answer 22

An institutionalized system of values and beliefs by which a group of people interprets and responds to what they feel is sacred, and provides answers to questions of ultimate meaning

Question 23

What is the most popular religion in the U.S.?

Answer 23

Chirstianity

Question 24

Define religiosity.

Answer 24

The intensity and consistency of practice of a person’s faith.

Question 25

How is religiosity often measured by scientists?

Answer 25

By asking people about their religous beliefs and by measuring the number of members of religous organizations

Question 26

What is monotheism?

Answer 26

The worship of a single god

Question 27

What is polytheism?

Answer 27

The worship of more than one deity.

Question 28

What did Emile Duekheim believe about religion?

Answer 28

He believed that religion if functional for society

Question 29

What did Max Weber believe about religion?

Answer 29

He believed that the Protestant faith supported the development of capitalism in the Western world

Question 30

What did Karl Marx believe about religion?

Answer 30

He saw religion as a tool for class oppression

Question 31

What are the three types of religious organizations?

Answer 31

Churches, sects, and cults

Question 32

What is a church?

Answer 32

A formal organization that sees itself and is seen by society as a primary and legitimate religous institution

Question 33

What is a sect?

Answer 33

A group that has broken off from an established church

Question 34

What is a cult?

Answer 34

A religious group devoted to a specific cause of charismatic leader.