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psych > Ch 13. Disorders of Sex > Flashcards

Ch 13. Disorders of Sex Flashcards

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1
Q

what is sexual dysfunction

A

problems with sexual responses

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2
Q

what is paraphilic disorders

A

sexual urges to objects or situations that are not socially appropriate

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3
Q

what is another word for hypersexual

A

hotblooded

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4
Q

What percent of men and women have sexual dysfunction

A

30% men, 45% women

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5
Q

what are the four parts of the sexual cycle?

A

desire, excitement, orgasm, resolution

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6
Q

what is acquired sexual dysfunction

A

normal sexual function preceded dysfunction

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7
Q

what is generalized sexual dysfunction

A

present during all sexual situations

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8
Q

what is situational type of sexual dysfunction

A

tied to particular situations

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9
Q

what is desire phase?

A

interest or urge to have sex

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10
Q

what two disorders affect the desire phase?

A

male hypoactive sexual desire disorder and female sexual interest/arousal disorder

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11
Q

what is male hypoactive sexual desire disorder and what percent of men

A

reduced interest in sex and engage in little sexual activity, physical responses may be normal. 18% of men

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12
Q

what is female sexual interest/arousal disorder?

A

lack normal interest in sex, 38% of women.

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13
Q

high level of hormone ______ , low level of ______, and high or low level of _____ may cause low sex drive

A

prolactin, testosterone, estrogen

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14
Q

low sexual desire may be linked to excessive activity of the neurotransmitters _____ and _____

A

serotonin and dopamine

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15
Q

apomorphine increases _______ which decreases sexual desire

A

dopamine

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16
Q

long-term illnesses can _____ sex drive

A

lower

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17
Q

what psychological issues may reduce sexual desire? 6

A

anxiety, depression, anger, attitudes, fears, memories

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18
Q

what sociocultural pressures may lead to low sexual desire? 4

A

divorce, death, job stress, infertility

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19
Q

people who are in an unhappy relationship, lost affection for partner, feel powerless and dominated by parter can ____ _____ in sex

A

lose interest

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20
Q

attraction to partner diminishes with __

A

age

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21
Q

sexual molestation or assault is especially likely to produce disorders of ____ ____

A

sexual desire

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22
Q

what is the excitement phase?

A

changes in pelvic region, physical arousal, erection, lubrication

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23
Q

what percent of men experience erectile disorder?

A

25%

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24
Q

what group of men have the highest percentage of erectile dysfunction

A

75% of men in 70s and 80s

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25
Q

What fraction of the male population experience erectile difficulty during intercourse at least some of the time

A

1/2

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26
Q

what 3 main biological causes of erectile dysfunction

A

vascular problems, damage to nervous system, medications and substance abuse

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27
Q

what is nocturnal penile tumescence?

A

NPT- erections during sleep, assessing whether physical factors are responsible

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28
Q

what is a snap gauge used for?

A

assesses erections during sleep

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29
Q

what percent of men with severe depression experience some degree of erectile dysfunction?

A

90%

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30
Q

what is performance anxiety?

A

fearful about failing to have an erection, focuses on goal of erection

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31
Q

what is spectator role?

A

male becomes a judge and spectator of his ability to get an erection rather than being an aroused participant

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32
Q

what are sociocultural causes of erectile dysfunction?

A

lost jobs, financial stress, marital stress, too little physical stimulation

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33
Q

what are three disorders that are linked to the orgasm phase

A

early ejaculation, delayed ejaculation, female orgasmic disorder

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34
Q

what percent of men ejaculate early at some time, what is it related to

A

30%, anxiety

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35
Q

what neurotransmitter is theorized to have an impact on premature ejaculation?

A

over or under reactive serotonin receptors

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36
Q

what is delayed ejaculation?

A

persistently unable to ejaculate or is very delayed

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37
Q

what percent of men worldwide have this disorder

A

10%

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38
Q

what substances can have an affect ejaculation?

A

substances that slow down the sympathetic nervous system, alcohol, meds

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39
Q

what is female orgasmic disorder?

A

persistently fail to reach o, low intensity o, delayed o

40
Q

what percent of women have this problem

A

25%

41
Q

what percent of women have never had an orgasm?

A

10%

42
Q

what percent of women rarely have orgasms?

A

9%

43
Q

what what four main biological causes to female orgasmic disorder?

A

diabetes can damage nervous system, MS and neurological diseases, drugs and meds, menopause

44
Q

what is vaginismus? what percent of women have

A

vagina involuntarily contract, prevent entry of penis, 1%

45
Q

what disorder is vaginismus related to?

A

genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

46
Q

vaginismus is usually a learned ___ response

A

fear

47
Q

what is dyspareunia, what percent?

A

“painful mating”, severe pain during intercourse, 14%, physical cause.

48
Q

what is episiotomy?

A

cut made to enlarge vaginal entrance and ease delivery of baby

49
Q

what percent of women have severe vaginal or pelvic pain during intercourse for up to a year after giving birth?

A

16%

50
Q

what 2 psychodynamic therapies are used to treat sexual dysfunction?

A

(early 20th century) free association and therapist interpretations, typically are unsuccessful

51
Q

what two behavioral therapies used for sexual dysfunction?

A

relaxation training and systematic desensitization, 1950s 1960s

52
Q

what 3 therapies make up sex therapy?

A

cognitive-behavioral, couple, and family systems therapy

53
Q

what is the goal of sex therapy?

A

to help clients function better sexually, achieve higher sexual satisfaction and psychological well being

54
Q

how long does modern sex therapy typically last?

A

short-term, 15-20 sessions, centers on specific sexual problems

55
Q

principle: assessing and conceptualizing the problem. What two things are looked at?

A

medical exam and sex history

56
Q

what do therapists teach during “elimination of performance anxiety and the spectator role”? 2

A

sensate focus, non-demand pleasuring, petting exercises

57
Q

what two techniques are used to treat disorders of desire?

A

affectual awareness and self-instruction training. disorders of desire are difficult to treat

58
Q

what is affectual awareness?

A

patient visualizes sexual scenes in order to discover any feelings of anxiety, vulnerability, and negative emotions concerning sex

59
Q

what is self-instruction training?

A

help change negative reactions to sex, coping statements during sex

60
Q

what is the tease technique and what is it used for?

A

during sensate-focus exercises, used to help erectile dysfunction

61
Q

what is sildenafil and what does it do?

A

viagra, increases blood flow to penis

62
Q

what are tadalafil and vardenafil?

A

cialis and levitra, similar to viagra

63
Q

what percent of erections are restored using viagra

A

75%

64
Q

what is “second line” referencing?

A

other medical procedures for erectile dysfunction such as suppositories, injections, vacuum erection device

65
Q

what field of treatment works best for early ejaculation?

A

behavioral procdures

66
Q

what behavioral procedures are used to treat early ejac?

A

stop-start; pause, procedure. 2-3 months. arouse, subside, arouse subside

67
Q

what are the ducts deferens?

A

carrying away vessel which collects semen

68
Q

what meds are sometimes prescribed to treat premature ejac?

A

ssris, reduce sexual orgasm

69
Q

what technique is used for delayed ejac?

A

masturbate to orgasm in front of partner

70
Q

what technique is used for female orgasmic disorder?

A

directed masturbation training, how to masturbate effectively

71
Q

what is paraphilias?

A

sexual urges that involve objects or situations outside of the norm

72
Q

what is sexting a step towards?

A

infidelity

73
Q

what constitutes a paraphilic disorder?

A

causes the person significant distress, places them or others at risk

74
Q

that is antiandrogens? what are they also known as?

A

drugs that lower production of testosterone that reduces sex drive, reduce paraphilic pattern; “chemical castration”

75
Q

what is fetishistic disorder?

A

aroused at non-living or non-genital items, exclusion of all other stimuli

76
Q

what do psychodynamic theorists view fetishes as?

A

defense mechanisms

77
Q

what do behaviorists propose fetishes are developed from? 2 therapies

A

classical conditioning, use of aversion therapy or covert sensitization

78
Q

what is masturbatory satiation and what is it used for?

A

masturbates to appropriate item, used to treat item

79
Q

what is orgasmic reorientation

A

he must direct all attention to conventional stimulus

80
Q

what is exhibitionistic disorder? what percent

A

expose genitals for shock or surprise, 4.3%

81
Q

what is voyeuristic disorder?

A

observe unsuspecting people who are naked or sexing. has opportunity to create feelings of humiliation which is part of excitement

82
Q

what is frotteuristic disorder?

A

touching a non-consenting person, in a crowded place

83
Q

what is a classic-type pedo?

A

prepubescent children

84
Q

what is a hebephilic type pedo?

A

early pubescent children

85
Q

what is pedohebephilic type pedo?

A

both pre and early pubescent children

86
Q

what brain differences are seen in pedos?

A

irregular activity in amygdala and frontal areas of brain

87
Q

what is sexual masochism disorder?

A

when they are tortured, must be distressed or impaired by fantasies to be disorder

88
Q

what is hypoxyphilia?

A

want to be smothered or strangled

89
Q

what is autoerotic asphyxiation? what is developed this?

A

strangle self during masturbation; classical conditioning

90
Q

what is sexual sadism and describe who usually is this type

A

usually male, enjoy suffering of another, rapists and murderers, achieves sense of control or power.

91
Q

what is androphilic type?

A

mtf, attracted to males

92
Q

what is autogynephilic type?

A

mtf, attracted to females

93
Q

what three general aspects contribute to sexual dysfunction?

A

biological, sociocultural, psychological

94
Q

what when and who created human sexual inadequacy?

A

Masters and Johnson, 1070, sex therapy program

95
Q

how many trans people are there worldwide

A

25 million

96
Q

how any more trans women are there to trans men

A

2:1

psych (5 decks)

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