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Oceanography > CH. 13 > Flashcards

CH. 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Diffusion

A

1

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2
Q

Isotonic

A

2

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3
Q

Limiting factor

A

3

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4
Q

What would be a good working definition for life?

A

Organized system that can capture, store and transmit energy.

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5
Q

When did life first appear on Earth?

A

3.5 billion years ago

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6
Q

What top 4 atoms does life on earth contain?

A

99%: Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen and Nitrogen

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7
Q

What is the difference between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis?

A

Photosynthesis: Conversion of light into stored energy.

Chemosynthesis: Conversion of chemicals into stored energy.

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8
Q

What are heterotrophs and autotrophs?

A

Heterotrophs: unable to synthesize their own food

Autotrophs: able to make their own food

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9
Q

What is meant by primary productivity?

A

Synthesis from inorganic to organic ( usually sugars or carbohydrates)

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10
Q

Know how the area to volume ratio of a cell limits its size and what a cell does to compensate for this.

A

As cell sizes increases, volume increases much faster than surface area. Cells are unable to transfer enough nutrients. Cells, therefore divide, not grow.

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11
Q

What are the 7 separate taxonomies currently used in classifying plants and animals? What are the 7 for Homo sapiens?

A

2

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12
Q

Who was the first to develop the taxonomies to classify plants and animals?

A

Carl Linnaeus

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13
Q

What characteristics about plants and animals are used in identifying where they fit into the taxonomy?

A

4

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14
Q

What advantages do scientific names have?

A

Makes them universal

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15
Q

How are species separated in this system of classification?

A

Based on evolutionary traits

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16
Q

Know and describe: Photic

A

6

17
Q

Know and describe: Aphotic

A

7

18
Q

Know and describe: Pelagic

A

Live in open ocean

19
Q

Know and describe: Benthic

A

Live open bottom

20
Q

What are mutations and how do they relate to the evolutionary theory?

A

Random changes in genes

21
Q

What is natural selection and describe if it is random or not.

A

Offspring better able to utilize genetic changes continue to pass them along.

22
Q

What is meant by the idea that generations evolve not individual plants and animals?

A

3

23
Q

what are mass extinctions, how often do they occur and how do they relate to animal and plant evolution?

A

Large percentage of species vanish.

24
Q

Why do many of the ocean animals look surprisingly similar?

A

4

Oceanography (11 decks)

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