Ch 13 Flashcards
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells transport nutrients and oxygen
Leukocytes
White blood cells
Thrombocytes
Plactelets; clot blood
Basophils (Leukocytes)
Contain heparin (prevents clotting) and histamine (involved in allergic responses)
Eosinophils (Leukocytes)
Phagocytic cells involved in allergic responses and parasitic infections
Neutrophils (Leukocytes)
Phagocytic cells that accumulate at sites of infection.
Monocytes (Leukocytes)
Phagocytic cells that become macrophages and digest bacteria and tissue debris
Lymphocytes (Leukocytes)
Control the immune system response; make antibodies to antigens
Plasma (proteins)
•Proteins -------------------------- Albumin--> globulins--> fibrinogen --> prothrombin ---------------------------- •Globulins Alpha-->beta-->gamma ---------------------------- •Gamma Immunoglobulin (antibodies)
Plasma proteins
Albumin, globulins, fibrinogen, prothrombin.
Coagulation
Fibrin clot
Anticoagulants
Heparin, warfarin
Blood clotting
Tissue factor clotting factors and platelets –> (activate) factor x –> (which with calcium and other factors stimulates the conversion of) prothrombin –> (to) thrombin (enzyme) –> (which changes to) fibrinogen–> (to) fibrin clot.
Blood contains what to transport oxygen
Red blood cells
Blood contain what clotting cells
Plasma
Albumin
Protein in the blood; maintains the proper amount of water in blood.
Antibody (AB)
A specific protein produced by the lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses or other antigens.
Basophils
White blood cells that contains granules that stain blue
Bilirubin
Orange-yellow pigment in bile.
Coagulation
Blood clotting
Electrophoresis
A method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge
Eosinophil
White blood cells that contains granules that stain red
Erythroblast
An immature red blood cell
Erthrocyte
Red blood cell
Erythropoietin
Hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell formations
Fibrin
Proteins that forms the basis of a blood clot
Fibrinogen
Plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
Globulin
Plasma protein
Granulocyte
White blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules
Hematopoietic stem cell
A cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells
Compositions of blood
- cells
- plasma
- water
- proteins
- sugar
- salts
- hormones
- lipids
- vitamins
Hemoglobin
Blood protein containing iron
Hemolysis
Destruction or breakdown of blood
Heparin
An anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells
Lymphocyte
Mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies
Macrophage
Monocytes that migrates from blood to tissue spaces
Megokaryocyte
Large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow
Plasma
Liquid portion of blood
Platelet
A small blood fragment important in clotting
Prothrombin
Plasma protein
Serum
Plasma minus clotting proteins and cells
Thrombin
Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
Chrom/o
Color
Coagul/o
Clotting
Eosin/o
Red, dawn, rosy
Erythro/o
Red
Hem/o
Hemat/o
Blood
Is/o
Same, equal
Kary/o
Nucleus
MYEL
Bone marrow
Phag/o
Eat, swallow
Poikil/o
Varies, irregular
Sider/o
Iron
THROMB/o
Clot
Anemia
A deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin
Type of anemia
- aplastic
- hemolytic
- pernicious
- sickle cell
- thalassemia
Aplastic anemia
Failure of blood cell production due to aplasmia or absence of a cell formation of bone marrow cells
Hemolytic anemia
Reduction in red cells die to excessive destruction
Pernicious anemia
Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin b12 into the bloodstream
Sickle cells
Hereditary disorder of abnormal hemoglobin producing sickle shape erythrocytes and hemolysis
Thalassemia
An inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin
Hemochromatosis
Excess iron deposits
Polycythemia Vera
General increase in red blood cells
What is the most common type of anemia?
Iron deficiency anemia
Hemophilia
Excessive bleeding caused by the lack of one protein substances necessary for blood clotting
Pupura
Multiple pinpoint hemorrhage a and accumulation of blood under the skin
