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Med Term exam 3 (12-15) > Ch 10 > Flashcards

Ch 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve cells (neurons)

A

Are microscopic, collected into macroscopic nerves, and carry electrical messages all over the body.

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2
Q

Central nerves (CNS)

A

Are the brain and spinal cord.

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3
Q

***Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

Is the cranial nerves, spinal nerves, plexuses, autonomic nerves, and peripheral nerves throughout the body.

The autonomic nerves are separated into parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves.

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4
Q

Sensory nerves

A

Carry messages toward the brain.

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5
Q

Motor nerves

A

Carry messages from the brain.

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6
Q

Parasympathetic nerves

A

Slow down.

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7
Q

Sympathetic nerves

A

Speed up.

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8
Q

Neuron

A

Individual nerve cell.

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9
Q

Ganglia

A

Small clusters of nerve cell bodies.

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10
Q

Axon

A

Has myelin sheath and neurilemma.

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11
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Transfer impulses across synapse.

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12
Q

Glia cells

A

Maintain Heath of the nervous system. They do not transmit impulses.

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13
Q

Four types of cells

A

Astrocytes, microglia, oligodendroglia, and ependymal cells.

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14
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Controls the body temperature, sleep, appetite, sexual desire and emotions.
It regulates hormones from the pituitary gland.
And monitors sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

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15
Q

Medulla oblongata

A 
Connects the spinal cord to the brain.
Nerve tracts from side to side.
And it regulates
•blood vessels
•heart
•respiratory system
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16
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Neurotransmitter chemical released at end of nerve cells.

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17
Q

Afferent nerve

A

Carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord.

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18
Q

Astrocyte

A

Glial cell that transports water and salts from capilaries.

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19
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs.

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20
Q

Axon

A

Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell.

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21
Q

Blood brain barrier

A

Protective separation between the blood and brain cells that keeps substances such as anticancer drugs from penetrating capillary walls and entering the brain.

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22
Q

Brainstem

A

Posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord.

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23
Q

Cauda equina

A

Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord.

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24
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Outer region of the cerebrum.

Contains sheets of nerve cells/ gray matter.

25
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A

Circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord.

26
Q

Cerebrum

A

The largest part of the brain responsible for muscle activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory.

27
Q

Glial cell

A

Supportive and connective nerve cell that does not marry nervous impulses, can reproduce itself.

28
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell, speeds impulse conduction.

29
Q

Synapse

A

The space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells.

30
Q

Thalamus

A

Main relay center of the brain conducts impulses between the spinal cord and the cerebrum.

31
Q

Dur/o

A

Dura matter.

32
Q

Lept/o

A

Thin slender.

33
Q

Mening

A

Membranes

34
Q

My/o

A

Muscles

35
Q

MYEL/o

A

Spinal cord.

36
Q

NEUR/o

A

Nerve

37
Q

Thec/o

A

Sheath (meninges)

38
Q

Alges/o

Algesia

A

Excessive sensitivity to pain.

39
Q

Algia

A

Pain

40
Q

Caus/o

A

Burning

41
Q

Comat/o

A

Deep sleep

42
Q

Kines/o

A

Movement

43
Q

Lepsy

A

Seizure

44
Q

Phasia

A

Speech

45
Q

Congenital disorders

A

-Hydrocephalus
-Spina bofida
•cyatica
•occulta

46
Q 
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Thrombotic
A

Thrombotic - a blood clot in an artery leaving the brain.

47
Q 
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Embolic
A

Embolic- a dislodged clot that travels to the cerebral arteries.

48
Q 
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Hemorrhagic
A

A blood vessel such as the cerebral artery, breaks and bleeding occurs.

49
Q 
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Migraine
A

Migraine- a severe, recurring, vascular headache.

50
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Shuffling gaint, loss of motor control ex Micheal jay fox.

51
Q

Paralysis

A

Hemiplegia-1/2 same side.
Paraplegia- top half of body
Quadriplegia-all four extremities.

52
Q

X-Ray tests

A

Cerebral angiography, computed tomography (CT) of the brain, and myelography.

Other procedures…
(MRI) magnetic resonance imaging
(PET) positron emission scan
(EEG) electroencephalography

53
Q

Sensation disorders

A

Anesthesia- no feeding.

Paresthesia- abnormal sensation.

54
Q

Subdural hematoma

A

Collection of blood within the meningeal layers.

55
Q

Olig/o

A

Scanty

56
Q

Syncop/o

A

Cut off

57
Q

Tax/o

A

Order

58
Q

Nervous system

A

Complex has 10 biliion nerve cells

Med Term exam 3 (12-15) (9 decks)

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