Ch 10

Question 1

Nerve cells (neurons)

Answer 1

Are microscopic, collected into macroscopic nerves, and carry electrical messages all over the body.

Question 2

Central nerves (CNS)

Answer 2

Are the brain and spinal cord.

Question 3

***Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 3

Is the cranial nerves, spinal nerves, plexuses, autonomic nerves, and peripheral nerves throughout the body.

The autonomic nerves are separated into parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves.

Question 4

Sensory nerves

Answer 4

Carry messages toward the brain.

Question 5

Motor nerves

Answer 5

Carry messages from the brain.

Question 6

Parasympathetic nerves

Answer 6

Slow down.

Question 7

Sympathetic nerves

Answer 7

Speed up.

Question 8

Neuron

Answer 8

Individual nerve cell.

Question 9

Ganglia

Answer 9

Small clusters of nerve cell bodies.

Question 10

Axon

Answer 10

Has myelin sheath and neurilemma.

Question 11

Neurotransmitters

Answer 11

Transfer impulses across synapse.

Question 12

Glia cells

Answer 12

Maintain Heath of the nervous system. They do not transmit impulses.

Question 13

Four types of cells

Answer 13

Astrocytes, microglia, oligodendroglia, and ependymal cells.

Question 14

Hypothalamus

Answer 14

Controls the body temperature, sleep, appetite, sexual desire and emotions.
It regulates hormones from the pituitary gland.
And monitors sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

Question 15

Medulla oblongata

Answer 15

Connects the spinal cord to the brain.
Nerve tracts from side to side.
And it regulates
•blood vessels
•heart
•respiratory system

Question 16

Acetylcholine

Answer 16

Neurotransmitter chemical released at end of nerve cells.

Question 17

Afferent nerve

Answer 17

Carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord.

Question 18

Astrocyte

Answer 18

Glial cell that transports water and salts from capilaries.

Question 19

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 19

Nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs.

Question 20

Axon

Answer 20

Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell.

Question 21

Blood brain barrier

Answer 21

Protective separation between the blood and brain cells that keeps substances such as anticancer drugs from penetrating capillary walls and entering the brain.

Question 22

Brainstem

Answer 22

Posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord.

Question 23

Cauda equina

Answer 23

Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord.

Question 24

Cerebral cortex

Answer 24

Outer region of the cerebrum.

Contains sheets of nerve cells/ gray matter.

Question 25

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 25

Circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord.

Question 26

Cerebrum

Answer 26

The largest part of the brain responsible for muscle activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory.

Question 27

Glial cell

Answer 27

Supportive and connective nerve cell that does not marry nervous impulses, can reproduce itself.

Question 28

Myelin sheath

Answer 28

Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell, speeds impulse conduction.

Question 29

Synapse

Answer 29

The space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells.

Question 30

Thalamus

Answer 30

Main relay center of the brain conducts impulses between the spinal cord and the cerebrum.

Question 31

Dur/o

Answer 31

Dura matter.

Question 32

Lept/o

Answer 32

Thin slender.

Question 33

Mening

Answer 33

Membranes

Question 34

My/o

Answer 34

Muscles

Question 35

MYEL/o

Answer 35

Spinal cord.

Question 36

NEUR/o

Answer 36

Nerve

Question 37

Thec/o

Answer 37

Sheath (meninges)

Question 38

Alges/o | Algesia

Answer 38

Excessive sensitivity to pain.

Question 39

Algia

Answer 39

Pain

Question 40

Caus/o

Answer 40

Burning

Question 41

Comat/o

Answer 41

Deep sleep

Question 42

Kines/o

Answer 42

Movement

Question 43

Lepsy

Answer 43

Seizure

Question 44

Phasia

Answer 44

Speech

Question 45

Congenital disorders

Answer 45

-Hydrocephalus -Spina bofida •cyatica •occulta

Question 46

``` Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Thrombotic ```

Answer 46

Thrombotic - a blood clot in an artery leaving the brain.

Question 47

``` Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Embolic ```

Answer 47

Embolic- a dislodged clot that travels to the cerebral arteries.

Question 48

``` Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Hemorrhagic ```

Answer 48

A blood vessel such as the cerebral artery, breaks and bleeding occurs.

Question 49

``` Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Migraine ```

Answer 49

Migraine- a severe, recurring, vascular headache.

Question 50

Parkinson's disease

Answer 50

Shuffling gaint, loss of motor control ex Micheal jay fox.

Question 51

Paralysis

Answer 51

Hemiplegia-1/2 same side. Paraplegia- top half of body Quadriplegia-all four extremities.

Question 52

X-Ray tests

Answer 52

Cerebral angiography, computed tomography (CT) of the brain, and myelography. Other procedures... (MRI) magnetic resonance imaging (PET) positron emission scan (EEG) electroencephalography

Question 53

Sensation disorders

Answer 53

Anesthesia- no feeding. Paresthesia- abnormal sensation.

Question 54

Subdural hematoma

Answer 54

Collection of blood within the meningeal layers.

Question 55

Olig/o

Answer 55

Scanty

Question 56

Syncop/o

Answer 56

Cut off

Question 57

Tax/o

Answer 57

Order

Question 58

Nervous system

Answer 58

Complex has 10 biliion nerve cells