Ch. 12 Vocab Thats Not In Powerpoint

Question 1

Mass hysteria

Answer 1

Is a contagious outbreak of irrational behavior that spreads much like a flu epidemic

Question 2

Collective delusions

Answer 2

Many people simultaneously become convinced of bizarre things that are false. Think UFOs

Question 3

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 3

Tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences on other people’s behavior

Question 4

Dispositional influences

Answer 4

Enduring characteristics such as personality traits, attitudes, and intelligence

Question 5

Social influences on conformity

Answer 5

1. Uniformity of agreement
2. Difference in the wrong answer
3. Size
   Pg. 497

Question 6

Group polarization

Answer 6

Engaging in group discussion strengthens dominant positions held by individual members

Question 7

Cults

Answer 7

Group of individuals who exhibit intense and unquestioning devotion to a single individual. Group think can lead to this. Pg. 503 promote group think in four ways: having a persuasive leader who fosters loyalty, disconnecting group members from the outside world, discouraging questioning of the groups assumptions, and establishing training practices that gradually in-doctorate members

Question 8

Inoculation effect

Answer 8

Approach to convincing people to change their minds about something by first introducing reasons why the perspective might be correct and then debunking these reasons

Question 9

Pro social behavior

Answer 9

Behavior intended to help others.

Question 10

Antisocial

Answer 10

Aggressive acts

Question 11

Safety in numbers or danger in numbers

Answer 11

Danger in numbers. When there is more people we are less likely to help.

Question 12

Pluralistic ignorance

Answer 12

Error of assuming that no one in a group perceives things as we do.

Question 13

Diffusion of responsibility

Answer 13

Reduction of feelings of personal responsibility in the presence of others

Question 14

Enlightenment effect

Answer 14

Learning about psychological research can change real world behavior for the better

Question 15

Social loafing

Answer 15

Phenomenon whereby individuals become less productive in groups

Question 16

Altruism

Answer 16

Helping others for unselfish reasons

Question 17

Relational aggression

Answer 17

Form of indirect aggression prevalent in girls, involving spreading rumors, gossiping, and using nonverbal put downs for the purpose of social manipulation

Question 18

Culture of honor

Answer 18

A social norm of defending one’s reputation in the face of perceived insults

Question 19

Self monitoring

Answer 19

Personality that assesses the extent to which people’s behavior reflects their true feelings and attitudes

Question 20

Adaptive conservatism

Answer 20

Evolutionary principle that creates a predisposition toward distrusting anything or anyone unfamiliar or different

Question 21

Discrimination

Answer 21

Negative behavior toward members of out groups

Question 22

Explicit prejudice

Answer 22

Unfounded negative belief of which we are unaware regarding the characteristics of an out group.

Question 23

Implicit prejudice

Answer 23

Unfounded negative belief of which we are unaware regarding the characteristics of an out group

Question 24

Jigsaw classroom

Answer 24

Educational approach designed to minimize prejudice by requiring all children to make independent contributions to a shared project