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Medical Terminology > Ch. 12 Respiratory System > Flashcards

Ch. 12 Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

External respiration

A

exchange of air in lung capillaries

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2
Q

how does external respiration work

A
  • oxygen is inhaled into the air sacs
  • immediately passes into capillaries
  • carbon dioxide passes from capillaries into air sacs, to be exhaled
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3
Q

Internal respiration

A

exchange of gases in the cells

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4
Q

how does internal respiration work

A
  • occurs simultaneously between cells and capillaries
  • oxygen passes out of the bloodstream into the tissue
  • carbon dioxide passes out of tissues back into the bloodstream to travel to lungs
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5
Q

mediastinum

A

middle of chest where trachea divides into two branches

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6
Q

bronchi

A

each leads to a separate lung

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7
Q

lungs

A

lobes are not mirror images

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8
Q

hilum

A

blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissue

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9
Q

adenoids

A

lympathic tissue in the nasopharynx

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10
Q

alveolus

A

air sac in the lung

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11
Q

bronchioles

A

the smallest branches of the bronchi

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12
Q

bronchus

A

the branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung

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13
Q

carbon dioxide

A

exhaled through the lungs

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14
Q

cilia

A

thin hairs attached to mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract

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15
Q

diaphragm

A

contracts to pull air into the lungs

relaxes to push air out

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16
Q

epiglottis

A

lid like piece cartilage that covers the larynx

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17
Q

expiration

A

breathing out

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18
Q

inspiration

A

breathing in

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19
Q

larynx

A

voice box

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20
Q

lobe

A

division of the lung

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21
Q

nares

A

opening through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities

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22
Q

paranasal sinus

A

one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose

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23
Q

parietal pleura

A

outer fold of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall

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24
Q

pharynx

A

the throat

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25
Q

pleura

A

double folded membrane surrounding each lung

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26
Q

pleural cavity

A

space between the folds of the pleura

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27
Q

respiration

A

the process of moving air into and out of the lungs

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28
Q

trachea

A

windpipe

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29
Q

visceral pleura

A

inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue

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30
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

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31
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus, air sac

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32
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchial tube

33
Q

bronchi/o

A

bronchus

34
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole

35
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

36
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

37
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

38
Q

laryng/o

A

voice box

39
Q

lob/o

A

lobe of the lung

40
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

41
Q

nas/o

A

nose

42
Q

orth/o

A

straight

43
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

44
Q

pector/o

A

chest

45
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

46
Q

phon/o

A

voice

47
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

48
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

49
Q

pneum/o

A

air, lung

50
Q

pneumon/o

A

lung

51
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

52
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

53
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus cavity

54
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

55
Q

tel/o

A

complete

56
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

57
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

58
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

59
Q

-ema

A

condition

60
Q

-osmia

A

smell

61
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

62
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

63
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

64
Q

-thorax

A

pleural cavity

65
Q

auscultation

A

listening for sounds within the body

66
Q

percussion

A

tapping on a surface to determine the underlying structure

67
Q

pleural rub

A

pleural layer are inflamed and have lost their lubrication

68
Q

rale

A

crackle

69
Q

rhonchus

A

continuous snorelike sound in the throat of bronchial tubes

70
Q

sputum

A

mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways

71
Q

stridor

A

high pitched wheezing sound

72
Q

upper respiratory disorders

A

coup
diphtheria
nosebleed

73
Q

atelectasis

A

accumulations of fluid, blood or air in pleural cavity

74
Q

pneumothorax

A

air gathers in the pleural cavity

75
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

magnetic waves create images

76
Q

bronchoscopy

A

fiberoptic or rigid endoscope inserted into the bronchial tubes for diagnosis, biopsy or collection of secretions

77
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

placement of tube from mouth to trachea to establish airway

78
Q

thracentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from pleural space

Medical Terminology (22 decks)

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