Ch 12 - Genetics Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

inheritance

A

genetic material received from parents

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2
Q

probability

A

likelihood (chance) an event might occur

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3
Q

What is the equation for probability?

A

of ways a specific outcome can happen divided by # of total outcomes

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4
Q

meiosis (my-O-sis)

A

cell division that produces gametes (reproductive cells)

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5
Q

diploid (DIP-loid)

A

cells that contain pairs of chromosomes (one from each parent)

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6
Q

haploid (HAP-loid)

A

cells that contain only ONE chromosome from a matching pair (this occurs only in reproductive cells)

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7
Q

genotype (GENE-o-type)

A

genetic plan the combination of alleles (the “type-o-genes” an organism has)

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8
Q

phenotype (FEEN-o-type)

A

the traits, or characteristics of an organism (the expression of genetic info)

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9
Q

heterozygous (het-er-oh-ZY-gus)

A

inheriting two differing forms of a particular gene (Example: Tt)

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10
Q

homozygous (hom-oh-ZY-gus)

A

inheriting two identical forms of a particular gene (Example: TT or tt)

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11
Q

dominant trait

A

covers up or masks other forms of the gene

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12
Q

recessive trait

A

gets covered up by other (dominant) forms of the gene

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13
Q

carrier

A

an individual that has a recessive trait but does not show it

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14
Q

pedigree

A

a tool that follows the occurence of a particular trait in a family

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15
Q

sex-linked traits

A

traits that are controlled by genes on the X or Y chromosome

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16
Q

allele

A

a specific form of a gene

17
Q

genetic material received from parents

A

inheritance

18
Q

likelihood (chance) an event might occur

A

probability

19
Q

of ways a specific outcome can happen divided by # of total outcomes

A

What is the equation for probability?

20
Q

cell division that produces gametes (reproductive cells)

A

meiosis (my-O-sis)

21
Q

cells that contain pairs of chromosomes (one from each parent)

A

diploid (DIP-loid)

22
Q

cells that contain only ONE chromosome from a matching pair (this occurs only in reproductive cells)

A

haploid (HAP-loid)

23
Q

genetic plan the combination of alleles (the “type-o-genes” an organism has)

A

genotype (GENE-o-type)

24
Q

the traits, or characteristics of an organism (the expression of genetic info)

A

phenotype (FEEN-o-type)

25
Q

inheriting two differing forms of a particular gene (Example: Tt)

A

heterozygous (het-er-oh-ZY-gus)

26
Q

inheriting two identical forms of a particular gene (Example: TT or tt)

A

homozygous (hom-oh-ZY-gus)

27
Q

covers up or masks other forms of the gene

A

dominant trait

28
Q

gets covered up by other (dominant) forms of the gene

A

recessive trait

29
Q

an individual that has a recessive trait but does not show it

A

carrier

30
Q

a tool that follows the occurence of a particular trait in a family

A

pedigree

31
Q

traits that are controlled by genes on the X or Y chromosome

A

sex-linked traits

32
Q

a specific form of a gene

A

allele