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European History > Ch. 12 French Revolution > Flashcards

Ch. 12 French Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Manorial System?

A
  • Agriculture Estates
  • Governed by a Lord and worked on by peasants
  • Lord provided security in order for labor of peasants
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2
Q

What is the Estates General and the roles of each Estate?

A
  1. Clergy
    - ->could own land
    - -> exempt from taxes
  2. Nobility
    - ->born into noble status
    - ->were the primary land owners
    - ->taxed very lightly
    - ->had privilege to wear specific clothing that distinguished themselves
  3. Commoners
    - ->ranged from peasants to middle class
    - ->largest part of pop.
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3
Q

What are the 4 ideas of the Enlightenment?

A
  1. Individual Freedom
  2. Popular sovereignty
  3. Political and Legal Equality
  4. Belief in Progress
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4
Q

What were some causes of the French Revolution?

A
  1. Social Change: growth of “bourgeoise” wanted increased rights (karl marx)
  2. Monarchy lost of wealth:fiscal system to blame taxation on the 3rd Estate and sold tittles of nobles.
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5
Q

What was included in Individual Freedoms in the Enlightenment?

A
  • French writer Voltaire associated with idea

- Wrote of monarchy were infringing upon individual rights

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6
Q

What was included in Popular Sovereignty in the Enlightenment?

A
  • English writer John Locke associated with idea
  • The right of ruling is not from not from God but chosen but by the people.
  • Govt. is a contract, that if a ruler does not follow can be removed
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7
Q

What was included in Belief in Progress in the Enlightenment?

A
  • Belief in people as a whole are rational
  • People if given the choice will continue to improve the world and make the right decisions
  • Optimistic view and saw good in humanity
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8
Q

What was occurring in society during the outbreak of the Revolution?

A
  • Enlightenment ideas are trickling through society

- Class of commoners are increasing in wealth

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9
Q

What factors contributed to the French Monarchy losing wealth?

A
  • Debt from assisting colonist American Rev.
  • Budget was invested in War
  • King had lavish spendings
  • Not to service the people
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10
Q

What was the French Monarchy response to the loss in wealth?

A

-Taxation on the 3rd Estate.

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11
Q

What occurs when the French Monarchy raises the topic on taxation on the 3rd Estate?

A
  • The people urge for a tax reform
  • 1st and 2nd Estate were wanted to pay more taxes
  • Estates General is called for a meeting of tax reform
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12
Q

What is the National Assembly?

A
  • 3rd Estate if left out of meeting of Versailles and form their own meeting.
  • Represent largest part of pop.
  • Instituted the “Declaration of the Rights of Man”
  • Tennis court oath
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13
Q

What is the Estates General?

A
  • Comprised of Estates General

- Deal with Frances finical crisis

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14
Q

What is the Storming of Bastille?

A
  • July 14, Bastille is stormed to access armory for the revolt and symbol of authority in France.
  • Brute revolt by the poor class
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15
Q

What are the phases of the outbreak of the Revolution?

A
  1. National Assembly
  2. Revolt of the poor
  3. Limited Monarchy
  4. 2nd Revolution
  5. The Terror
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16
Q

What is occurs with the Limited Monarchy during during the outbreak of the Revolution?

A
  • Abolish feudal dues and system
  • ->Declaration of Man
  • Forms a Constitution with Monarch at top
17
Q

What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

A
  • Document of the French Revolution

- all the parts of the estate share rights

18
Q

Why was the guillotine invented?

A
  • To create a rational method of execution

- Based on Enlightenment idea of execution that did not involve torture

19
Q

What spurs the 2nd Revolution?

A
  • The king decides to flee and is captured
  • King is killed by guillotine
  • 1792 France became a Republic
  • ->est. a new calendar
20
Q

What was “The Terror” part of the French Revolution?

A
  • Factions arose among Revolutionaries for what they felt was enlightenment ideas
  • France was on a path of civil war
  • Turned away from Enlightening ideas and into a dictatorship
  • Began to execute 10,000s of people.

European History (14 decks)

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