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BIOL 2401 > CH. 12 > Flashcards

CH. 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What are compartments?

A

spaces enclosed by fasciae called intermuscular septa

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2
Q

What does each compartment contain?

A

one or more functionally related muscles

nerves and blood vessels

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3
Q

What are the upper limbs divided into?

A

anterior and posterior compartments

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4
Q

What are the lower limbs divided into?

A

anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral compartments

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5
Q

Muscles acting on the shoulder, anterior group include:

A

Pectoralis minor, serratus anterior

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6
Q

What does the pectoralis major do?

A

draws scapula laterally and forward around ches, rotates the scapula

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7
Q

What does the serratus anterior do?

A

Holds scapula against rib cage, prime anterior mover in forward reaching (throwing, pushing actions)

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8
Q

Muscle actions on the shoulder, posterior group

A

Traps, Lecator scapulae, Rhomboideous minor and major

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9
Q

What do the traps do?

A

Stabalize scapula and shoulder during arm movements

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10
Q

What does the Levator scapulae do?

A

Elevate scapulae (shoulder)

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11
Q

What does the Rhomboideouos minor and major do?

A

retracts scapulae and braces shoulder, flex scapulae

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12
Q

What are the muscles acting on the Arm, Axial muscles?

A

Pectoralis major, Latissimus dorsi

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13
Q

What does the Pectoralis major do?

A

flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus

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14
Q

What does the Latissimus dorsi do?

A

adducts, extends, and medially rotates humerus

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15
Q

What are the muscles acting on the arm scapular muscles?

A

Deltoid, Teres major, Coracobrachialis, Supraspinatus,

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16
Q

What does the deltoid do?

A

flex, extend, medially rotate, or abduct are depending on which fibers are active

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17
Q

What does the teres major do?

A

extends and medially rotates humerus

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18
Q

What does the coracobrachialis do

A

flexes and medially rotate the arm

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19
Q

What does the supraspinatus do?

A

aid the deltoid in abduction of the arm

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20
Q

What are the SITS?

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis

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21
Q

What do the SITS do?

A

prevent the humeral head to slide upward, modulate the action of deltoid

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22
Q

What tendons of four muscles form the rotator cuff?

A

SITS

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23
Q

What muscles act on the forearm (branchium)?

A

Brachialis, biceps brachii, triceps brachii

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24
Q

What does the brachialis do?

A

prime mover of elbow flexion

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25
Q

What does the biceps brachii do?

A

supinates forearm and flexes both elbow and shoulder

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26
Q

What do the triceps brachii do?

A

extends elbow

27
Q

What muscles act on the forearm (antibranchium)?

A

Brachioradialis, anoconeous, supinator and biceps brachii, pronator teres, and pronator quadratus

28
Q

What does the brachioradialis do?

A

flexes elbow

29
Q

What does the anaconeous do?

A

extends elbow

30
Q

What do the supinator and biceps brachii do?

A

supinate forearm

31
Q

What do the pronator teres and pronator quadratus do?

A

pronate forearm

32
Q

What are the muscles acting on the wrist and hand (anterior, superficial)?

A

Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris, flexor digitorium superficials, palmaris longus

33
Q

What does the Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris do?

A

flexes wrist anteriorly

34
Q

What does the flexor digitorium superficials do?

A

flexes wrists and digits

35
Q

What does the palmaris longus do?

A

anchors the skin and fascia of the palmar region

36
Q

What are the muscles acting on the wrist and hand (anterior, deep)?

A

Flexor digitorium profundus and flexor pollicis longus

37
Q

what does the flexor digitorium profundus do?

A

flexes wrist and interphalangeal joints.

38
Q

What does the flexor pollices do?

A

flexes phalanges of thumb

39
Q

What do the Anterior compartment muscles on the wrist and hand (anterior) flex?

A

wrist (carpus), fingers (digits), and thumb (pollex)

40
Q

What muscles act on the wrist and hand (posterior, superficial)

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor digitorium, extensor digiti minimi, and extensor carpi ulnaris

41
Q

What does the Extensor carpi radialis lingus and brevis do?

A

extend wrist and radial flexion of the wrist

42
Q

What does the extensor digitorium do?

A

extends digits, and tend to spread them out

43
Q

What does the extensor digiti minimi do?

A

extends little finger

44
Q

What does the extensor carpi ulnaris do?

A

extends and fixes wrist, when fist is closed

45
Q

Whar are the Muscles acting on the wrist and hand (posterior, deep)?

A

Aductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis

46
Q

What does the aductor pollicis longus do?

A

abducts thumb

47
Q

what does the extensor pollices brevis do?

A

extends metacarpal 1 and proximal phalanx of thumb

48
Q

What does the extensor pollicis longus do?

A

etends distal phalanx of thumb

49
Q

what does the extensor indicis do?

A

extends wrist and index finger

50
Q

What do the posterior compartment muscles on the wrist and hand do?

A

extend the wrist, fingers, and thumb

51
Q

The Thenar group, base of the thumb contain which muscles?

A

Adductor pollicis, abductor pollices brevis, flexor brevis, opponens pollicis and they control fine movemt of the thumb

52
Q

The Hypothenar group, base of the little finger contains which muscles?

A

Adductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi

53
Q

The midpalmer grop of muscles, hollow part of the palm contain which muscles?

A

Dprsa; interosseous, palmar interosseous, lumbrical muscles

54
Q

What does the Iliopsoas consits of which act on the hip and thigh anterior?

A

the illacus and the psoas major which flex the thigh

55
Q

Which muscles act on the hip and thigh lateral and posterior?

A

gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus

56
Q

What does the gluteus maximus do?

A

extends and abducts the thigh

57
Q

What do the gluteus medius and minimus do?

A

abduct and medially rotate the thigh

58
Q

Muscles acting on the foot posterior do what?

A

flex the foot and flex the toes

59
Q

Muscles acting on the hip and thigh lateral and posterior

A

tensor fasciae latae which extends the knee

60
Q

Muscles acting on the knee and leg?

A

quadriceps femoris and Hamstring muscles

61
Q

What does the quad femoris do?

A

extends the knee

62
Q

What does the hamstring muscles do?

A

flex the knee

63
Q

What makes up the compartments of the Quad femoris?

A

Rectus femoris
vastus intermedialis
vastus medialis
vastus lateralis

64
Q

What makes up the Hamstring muscles

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

BIOL 2401 (6 decks)

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