CH. 12 Flashcards
What are compartments?
spaces enclosed by fasciae called intermuscular septa
What does each compartment contain?
one or more functionally related muscles
nerves and blood vessels
What are the upper limbs divided into?
anterior and posterior compartments
What are the lower limbs divided into?
anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral compartments
Muscles acting on the shoulder, anterior group include:
Pectoralis minor, serratus anterior
What does the pectoralis major do?
draws scapula laterally and forward around ches, rotates the scapula
What does the serratus anterior do?
Holds scapula against rib cage, prime anterior mover in forward reaching (throwing, pushing actions)
Muscle actions on the shoulder, posterior group
Traps, Lecator scapulae, Rhomboideous minor and major
What do the traps do?
Stabalize scapula and shoulder during arm movements
What does the Levator scapulae do?
Elevate scapulae (shoulder)
What does the Rhomboideouos minor and major do?
retracts scapulae and braces shoulder, flex scapulae
What are the muscles acting on the Arm, Axial muscles?
Pectoralis major, Latissimus dorsi
What does the Pectoralis major do?
flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus
What does the Latissimus dorsi do?
adducts, extends, and medially rotates humerus
What are the muscles acting on the arm scapular muscles?
Deltoid, Teres major, Coracobrachialis, Supraspinatus,
What does the deltoid do?
flex, extend, medially rotate, or abduct are depending on which fibers are active
What does the teres major do?
extends and medially rotates humerus
What does the coracobrachialis do
flexes and medially rotate the arm
What does the supraspinatus do?
aid the deltoid in abduction of the arm
What are the SITS?
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis
What do the SITS do?
prevent the humeral head to slide upward, modulate the action of deltoid
What tendons of four muscles form the rotator cuff?
SITS
What muscles act on the forearm (branchium)?
Brachialis, biceps brachii, triceps brachii
What does the brachialis do?
prime mover of elbow flexion
What does the biceps brachii do?
supinates forearm and flexes both elbow and shoulder
What do the triceps brachii do?
extends elbow
What muscles act on the forearm (antibranchium)?
Brachioradialis, anoconeous, supinator and biceps brachii, pronator teres, and pronator quadratus
What does the brachioradialis do?
flexes elbow
What does the anaconeous do?
extends elbow
What do the supinator and biceps brachii do?
supinate forearm
What do the pronator teres and pronator quadratus do?
pronate forearm
What are the muscles acting on the wrist and hand (anterior, superficial)?
Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris, flexor digitorium superficials, palmaris longus
What does the Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris do?
flexes wrist anteriorly
What does the flexor digitorium superficials do?
flexes wrists and digits
What does the palmaris longus do?
anchors the skin and fascia of the palmar region
What are the muscles acting on the wrist and hand (anterior, deep)?
Flexor digitorium profundus and flexor pollicis longus
what does the flexor digitorium profundus do?
flexes wrist and interphalangeal joints.
What does the flexor pollices do?
flexes phalanges of thumb
What do the Anterior compartment muscles on the wrist and hand (anterior) flex?
wrist (carpus), fingers (digits), and thumb (pollex)
What muscles act on the wrist and hand (posterior, superficial)
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor digitorium, extensor digiti minimi, and extensor carpi ulnaris
What does the Extensor carpi radialis lingus and brevis do?
extend wrist and radial flexion of the wrist
What does the extensor digitorium do?
extends digits, and tend to spread them out
What does the extensor digiti minimi do?
extends little finger
What does the extensor carpi ulnaris do?
extends and fixes wrist, when fist is closed
Whar are the Muscles acting on the wrist and hand (posterior, deep)?
Aductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis
What does the aductor pollicis longus do?
abducts thumb
what does the extensor pollices brevis do?
extends metacarpal 1 and proximal phalanx of thumb
What does the extensor pollicis longus do?
etends distal phalanx of thumb
what does the extensor indicis do?
extends wrist and index finger
What do the posterior compartment muscles on the wrist and hand do?
extend the wrist, fingers, and thumb
The Thenar group, base of the thumb contain which muscles?
Adductor pollicis, abductor pollices brevis, flexor brevis, opponens pollicis and they control fine movemt of the thumb
The Hypothenar group, base of the little finger contains which muscles?
Adductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi
The midpalmer grop of muscles, hollow part of the palm contain which muscles?
Dprsa; interosseous, palmar interosseous, lumbrical muscles
What does the Iliopsoas consits of which act on the hip and thigh anterior?
the illacus and the psoas major which flex the thigh
Which muscles act on the hip and thigh lateral and posterior?
gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus
What does the gluteus maximus do?
extends and abducts the thigh
What do the gluteus medius and minimus do?
abduct and medially rotate the thigh
Muscles acting on the foot posterior do what?
flex the foot and flex the toes
Muscles acting on the hip and thigh lateral and posterior
tensor fasciae latae which extends the knee
Muscles acting on the knee and leg?
quadriceps femoris and Hamstring muscles
What does the quad femoris do?
extends the knee
What does the hamstring muscles do?
flex the knee
What makes up the compartments of the Quad femoris?
Rectus femoris
vastus intermedialis
vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
What makes up the Hamstring muscles
biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
