Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL 2401 > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

0
Q

What are the components of Blood?

A

Plasma, cell and cell fragments, Erythrocytes (red blood cells), Leukocytes (white blood cells), Platelets (fragments of none marrow cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the functions of circulatory system functions?

A

Transport, protection, regulation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Blood plasma makes up how much of whole blood?

A

A little more than half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is serum?

A

Plasma minus solids and clots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How much of Blood plasma is water?

A

92% by weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, and enzymes are what?

A

Major proteins of blood plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Glucose, amino acids, lactic acid, lipids, iron, trace elements, and vitamins are what components of blood plasma?

A

Nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Salts of Na, K, Ca, Cl, Mg, bicarbonate, phosphate, and sulfate make up what of the blood plasma composition?

A

Electrolytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Urea, Utica acid, creatinine, creatine, bilirubin, and ammonia

A

Nitrogen wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen make up what components of blood plasma?

A

Gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a Erythrocytes?

A

Red blood cells that carries Oxygen and carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are some physical traits of erythrocytes?

A

Discoid shaped

Lacks nucleus, mitochondria, and other organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do the molecules on cell the cell membrane of a erythrocytes determine?

A

Blood type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do the cells of erythrocytes carry?

A

Millions of hemoglobin molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a normal range for men for RBC count?

A

4.6-6.2 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a normal RBC count for women?

A

4.2-5.4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the hematocrit?

A

% of blood volume composed of RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the normal range of hematocrit for men?

A

45%- 52%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the normal range of hematocrit a for women?

A

37-48%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is hemoglobin?

A

An iron-containing gas-transport protein normally found in RBCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hemoglobin consist of four protein chains called?

A

Globins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Each protein chain in a hemoglobin is bound with what?

A

Heme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is at the center if each heme that binds oxygen?

A

Iron atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is hemopoiesis?

A

Production of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where does Myeloid hemopoiesis occure?

A

Red bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is Ereythropoiesis?

A

Production of RBC that originate from hemopoitic stem cells and last about 120 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the most common bllod groups?

A

ABO and Rh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is RH?

A

Rhesus monkey antigen, measure of antigens on memebranew

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does plasma contain?

A

antibodies that react against foreign antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What Blood type cane type O- donate to and what blood type can it recieve from?

A

Donate to all types and recieve only from O-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What Blood type cane type O+ donate to and what blood type can it recieve from?

A

Donate to O+, A+, B+, AB+; recieve from O-+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What Blood type cane type A- donate to and what blood type can it recieve from?

A

Donate to A-+, AB-+; recieve from O-, A-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What Blood type cane type A+ donate to and what blood type can it recieve from?

A

Donate to A+, AB+; recieve from O-+, A-+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What Blood type cane type B- donate to and what blood type can it recieve from?

A

Donate to B-+, AB-+; recieve from O-, B-

35
Q

What Blood type cane type B+ donate to and what blood type can it recieve from?

A

Donate to B+, AB+; receive from O-+, B-,+

36
Q

What Blood type cane type AB- donate to and what blood type can it recieve from?

A

Donate to AB-+; receive from O-, A-, B-

37
Q

What Blood type cane type AB+ donate to and what blood type can it recieve from?

A

Donate to AB+; receive from all types

38
Q

What are Leukocytes?

A

WBC

39
Q

What do WBCs protect against?

A

Pathogens

40
Q

Leukocytes migrate out of what into what?

A

Out of the blood stream and into connective tissues

41
Q

What are Agranulocytes?

A

Lymphocytes and monocyetes that lack specific granules

42
Q

What are Granulocytes?

A

Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils; they gave various types of specific granules that stain conspicously and distinguish each cell tyoe from the others

43
Q

Neutrophils are what % of WBCs?

A

60-70%

44
Q

What is the mean count of neutrophils?

A

4,150 cells/ul

45
Q

What is the diameter of neutrophils?

A

9-12 um

46
Q

Which WBC: nucleus usually with 3-5 lobes in S- and C- shaped array and fine reddish to violet specific granules in cytoplasm

A

Neutrophils

47
Q

Which WBC increases in bacterial infections?

A

Neutrophils

48
Q

What are the functions of Neutrophils?

A

Phagocytize bacteria

Secrete antimicrobial chemicals

49
Q

Eosinophios are what % of WBCs?

A

2-4%

50
Q

What is the mean count of Eosinophios?

A

170 cells/ul

51
Q

What is the diameter of Eosinophios?

A

10-14 um

52
Q

Which WBC: Nucleus usually with two large lobes connected by thin strand and Large orange-pink specific granules in cytoplasm?

A

Eosinophios

53
Q

What are the functions of Eosinophios?

A

Phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes, allergens, and inflammatory chemicals
Secrete enzymes that weaken or destroy parasites such as worms

54
Q

What % of WBCs are Basophils?

A

<.5%

55
Q

What is the mean count of Basophils?

A

40 cells/uL

56
Q

What is the diameter of Basophils?

A

8-10 um

57
Q

Which WBC: nucleus large and irregularly shaped, but typically obscured from view Coarse, abundant, dark violet specific granules in cytoplasm

A

Basophils

58
Q

What are the functions of Basophils?

A

Secrete histamine, which increases blood flow to a tissue

Secrete heparin, which promotes mobility of other WBCs by preventing clotting

59
Q

What % of WBCs are monocytes?

A

3-8%

60
Q

What is the mean count of monocytes?

A

460 cells/uL

61
Q

What is the diameter of monocytes?

A

12-15 um

62
Q

Which WBC: Nucleus ovoid, kidney-shaped, or horseshoe shaped
Abundant light violet cytoplasm with sparse, fine, nonspecific granules
Sometimes very large with stellate and polygonal shapes

A

monocytes

63
Q

Which WBC fluctuates greatly from day to night, seasonally, and with phase of menstrual cycle
Increases in parasitic infections, allergies, collagen diseases, and diseases of spleen and central nervous system?

A

Eosinophils

64
Q

Which WBC is relatively stable and increases in chicken pox, sinusitis, diabetes mellitus, myxedema, and polycythemia?

A

Basophils

65
Q

Which WBC increases in viral infections and inflammation?

A

Monocytes

66
Q

What are the functions of monocytes?

A

Differentiate into macrophages
Phagocytize pathogens, dead neutrophils, and debris of dead cells
Present antigens to activate other cells

67
Q

What % of WBCs are Lymphocytes?

A

25-33%

68
Q

What is the mean count of Lymphocytes?

A

2,200 cells/ uL

69
Q

What is the diameter of Lymphocytes?

A

Small class: 5-8
Medium class: 10-12
Large class: 14-17

70
Q

Which WBC is the nucleus round, ovoid, or slightly dimpled on one side, of uniform dark violet color

A

Lymphocytes

71
Q

Which WBC increases in diverse infections and immune responses

A

Lymphocytes

72
Q

Which WBC destroys cancer cells, cells infected with viruses, and foreign cells
Present antigens to activate other cells of immune system
Coordinate actions of other immune cells
secrete antibodies
serve in immune system memory

A

Lymphocytes

73
Q

What is Leukopoiesis?

A

Production of WBCs

74
Q

Where do Granulocytes and monocytes stay until needed?

A

red marrow

75
Q

Where do B lymphocytes and natural killer cells mature?

A

bone marrow

76
Q

Where do T lymohocytes mature?

A

thymus

77
Q

What are platelets?

A

small fragments of megakarycytes that aid in blood clotting

78
Q

What has no nucleus, but do have other organelles, an open canalicular system, and pseudopods?

A

platelets

79
Q

In addition to clot formation, functions of platelets include:

A

Vasoconstriction, clot dissolving, WBC attraction, destruction of bacteria, stimulation of mitosis for healing

80
Q

What is hemostasis?

A

Cessation of bleeding

81
Q

What does serotonin trigger?

A

vasoconstriction

82
Q

What can thrombosis cause in the ederly?

A

stroke and heart failure

83
Q

What are some Erythrocyte disorders?

A

Anemia -decreased oxygen carrying

Polycythemia-Excessive RBCs

84
Q

What are some Leukocyte disorders?

A

Leukopenia - WBC deficiency

Leukemia - high white blood cell counts

BIOL 2401 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions