Ch 1.1 : Concepts of Biology

Question 1

Timeline :
380 million years ago (Animals)

Answer 1

Animals move onto land

Question 2

Timeline :
560 million years ago (Multi Celled)

Answer 2

First multi-celled animals

Question 3

Timeline :
2.5 billion years ago (euk)

Answer 3

First complex single celled orgs (eukaryotes)

Question 4

Timeline :
3.5 billion years ago (Prok)

Answer 4

First single-celled orgs (prokaryotes)

Question 5

Timeline :
4.5 billion years ago (E Forms)

Answer 5

Earth forms

Question 6

Timeline :
300,000 years ago (Hum)

Answer 6

Modern humans

Question 7

Timeline :
230–66 million years ago

Answer 7

Non-bird dinosaurs roamed Earth

Question 8

8 Characteristics of Life

(O. SS. R. A. G. H. M. E.)

Answer 8

1. Order
2. Sensitivity/timuli
3. Reproduction
4. Adaptation
5. Growth
6. Homeostasis
7. Metabolism
8. Evolution

Question 9

Order (Characteristic of Life)

Answer 9

Organisms are highly organized structures that consist of one or more cells

Question 10

Stimuli (Characteristic of Life)

Answer 10

Organisms respond to diverse stimuli
- Ex : plant bends towards source of light

Movement toward a stimulus → positive response
Movement away from a stimulus → negative response

Question 11

Reproduction (Characteristic of Life)

Answer 11

Ability to reproduce (sexual or asexual)

Single-celled organisms reproduce by duplicating their DNA and then dividing it equally to form two new cells
- DNA containing genes is passed onto an organism’s offspring

Question 12

Adaptation (Characteristic of Life)

Answer 12

Adaptation occurs through evolution
- All living organisms exhibit a “fit” to their environment
- Adaptations enhance the reproductive potential of the organism

Question 13

Growth (Characteristic of Life)

Answer 13

Organisms grow by developing over time
- Genes provide instructions to direct cellular growth

Question 14

Homeostasis (Characteristic of Life)

Answer 14

Refers to the relatively stable internal environment required to maintain internal factors, such as:
- blood pressure
- temperature
- water balance

Question 15

Metabolism (Characteristic of Life)

Answer 15

Refers to the use and processing of resources through chemical reactions to obtain energy

Question 16

Evolution (Characteristic of Life)

Answer 16

Diversity of life is a result of mutations, which are random changes in hereditary material
- Mutations allow organisms to evolve to a changing environment

Question 17

9 Organization Levels of Living Things
(A. M. O. C. T. O/OS. OPC. E. B.)

Answer 17

Smallest unit to Largest unit :
1. Atom
2. Molecule
3. Organelles
4. Cells
5. Tissues
6. Organ & Organ System
7. Organisms, populations & communities
8. Ecosystem
9. Biosphere

Question 18

Atom

Answer 18

A basic unit of matter that consists of a nucleus and surrounded by electrons
- Atoms form molecules

Question 19

Molecule

Answer 19

A chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by a chemical bond

Question 20

Organelles

Answer 20

Structures that perform specialized functions within a cell

Question 21

Cells

Answer 21

The smallest fundamental unit of the structure and function in living organisms
- Cells are either prokaryotic or eukaryotic
- Cells combine to make tissues

Question 22

Tissues

Answer 22

Groups of similar cells carrying out the same function

Question 23

Organ & Organ Systems

Answer 23

Organ : a structure formed of tissues and performs a specific function

Organ system : a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function

Question 24

Organisms, Populations & Communities

Answer 24

Organism : an individual

Population : all individuals within a species living
within a specific area

Community : a set of populations inhabiting a particular area

Question 25

Ecosystem

Answer 25

Consist of all living and non-living things within a particular environment

Question 26

Biosphere

Answer 26

A collection of all ecosystems on Earth