Ch 10 - Nervous System Terminology Flashcards
cerebell/o
cerebellum
ex. cerebellar - p. the cerebellum
cerebr/o
cerebrum
ex. cerebrospinal fluid - fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord
ex. cerebral cortex - outer region of the cerebrum
dur/o
dura matter
ex. subdural hematoma - collection of blood under the dura matter
encephal/o
brain
ex. encephalitis - inflammation of the brain
ex. encephalopathy - disease of the brain
gli/o
glial cells
ex. glioblastoma - malignant tumor of the glial cells
lept/o
thin, slender
ex. leptomeningeal - p. the pia matter and arachnoid membrane
mening/o,
meningi/o
membranes, meninges
ex. meningeal - p. the meninges
ex. meningioma - tumor of the meninges
ex. myelomeningocele - hernia of the spinal cord and meninges
my/o
muscle
ex. myoneural - p. muscle and nerve
myel/o
spinal cord (means bone marrow in other contexts)
ex. myelopathy - disease of the spinal cord
neur/o
nerve
ex. neuropathy - disease of the nerves
pont/o
pons
ex. cerebellopontine - p. the cerebellum and pons
radicul/o
nerve root (of spinal nerves)
ex. radiculopathy - disease of the nerve root
thalam/o
thalamus
ex. thalamic - p. the thalamus
thec/o
sheath (refers to the meninges)
ex. intrathecal injection - substance injected into the subarchanoid space
vag/o
vagus nerve
ex. vagal - p. the vagus nerve
alges/o,
-algesia
sensitivity to pain
ex. analgesia - no sensation of pain
ex. hypalgesia - diminished sensation of pain
-algia
pain
ex. neuralgia - nerve pain
caus/o
burning
ex. causalgia - burning sensation of pain
comat/o
deep sleep
ex. comatose - a state of unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused.
esthesi/o,
-esthesia
feeling, nervous sensation
ex. anesthesia - no nervous sensation
kines/o, kinesi/o, -kinesia, -kinesis, -kinetic
movement
ex. bradykinesia - slow movement
ex. hyperkinesia - excessive movement
ex. dyskinesia - involuntary movement
ex. akineitc - without movement
-lepsy
seizure
ex. epilepsy - excessive nerve impulse firing
ex. narcolepsy - sudden uncontrolled episode of sleep
lex/o
word, phrase
ex. dyslexia - disorder of reading and writing
-paresis
weakness
ex. hemiparesis - slight paralysis
-phasia
speech
ex. aphasia - inability to speak
-plegia
paralysis
ex. hemiplegia - paralysis in half of the body
ex. paraplegia - paralysis in the lower portion of the body
ex. quadriplegia - paralysis in all four limbs of the body
-praxia
action
ex. apraxia - inability to carry out purposeful movement
-sthenia
strength
ex. neurasthenia - lack of nerve strength
syncop/o
to cut off, cut short
ex. syncopal - p. fainting (caused by inadequate flow of blood to the brain)
tax/o
order, coordination
ex. ataxia - no muscular coordination
