Ch 18 - Endocrine System Terminology Flashcards
aden/o
gland
ex. adenitis - inflammation of a gland
adrenal/o
adrenal gland
ex. adrenalectomy - removal of the adrenal gland
gonad/o
sex glands (ovaries and testes)
ex. gonadotropin - hormone that acts on the gonads
ex. hypogonadism - decreased functioning of the gonads
pancreat/o
pancreas
ex. pancreatectomy - removal of the pancreas
parathyroid/o
parathyroid gland
ex. parathyroidectomy - removal of the parathyroid gland
pituitar/o
pituitary gland; hypophysis
ex. hypopituitarism - decreased secretion of the pituitary gland
thyr/o,
thyroid/o
thyroid gland
ex. thyrotropic hormone - hormone that acts on the thyroid gland
ex. thyroiditis - inflammation of the thyroid gland
andr/o
male
ex. androgen - hormone producing male characteristics
calc/o,
calci/o
calcium
ex. hypercalcemia - condition of excessive calcium in the blood
ex. hypocalcemia - condition of low calcium in the blood
ex. hypercalcuria - condition of high levels of calcium in the urine
cortic/o
cortex, outer region
ex. corticosteroid - hormone produced by the adrenal cortex
crin/o
secrete
ex. endocrinologist - specialist in the treatment of the endocrine gland disorders
dips/o
thirst
ex. polydipsia - excessive thirst
estr/o
female
ex. estrogenic - p. having estrogen like effects
gluc/o
sugar
ex. glucagon - hormone from the pancreas that causes sugars to be released when blood sugar levels are low
glyc/o
sugar
ex. hyperglycemia - condition of excessive blood sugar
ex. glycemic - p. sugar
ex. glycogen - an animal starch
home/o
sameness
ex. homeostasis - maintaining equilibrium
hormon/o
hormone
ex. hormonal - p. hormone
kal/i
potassium
ex. hypokalemia - low levels of potassium
lact/o
milk
ex. prolactin - substance that stimulates milk production
myx/o
mucus
ex. myxedema - swelling of the face and tissue
natr/o
sodium
ex. hyponatremia - low sodium in the blood
phys/o
growing
ex. hypophysectomy - removal of the pituitary gland
somat/o
body
ex. somatotropin - growth hormone
ster/o
solid structure
ex. steroid - an organic compound with a ring structure
toc/o
childbirth
ex. oxytocin - substance that stimulates childbirth
toxic/o
poison
ex. thyrotoxicosis - thyroid crisis
ur/o
urine
ex. antidiuretic hormone - hormone that causes water to be released in the body
-agon
assemble, gather together
ex. glucagon - hormone from the pancreas that causes sugar to be released when sugar levels are low
-emia
blood condition
ex. hypoglycemia - low levels of blood sugar
- in,
- ine
substance
ex. epinephrine - substance that raises blood pressure
-tropin
stimulating the function of (to turn or act on)
ex. adrenocorticotropin - stimulates the adrenal cortex to release its hormone
-uria
urine condition
ex. glycosuria - condition of sugar in urine
eu-
good, normal
ex. euthyroid - good thyroid/normal thyroid
hyper-
excessive; above
ex. hyperkalemia - excessive potassium in the blood
hypo-
deficient; below; under; less than normal
ex. hypoinsulinism - deficient secretion of insulin/low levels of insulin
oxy-
rapid, sharp, acid
ex. oxytocin - substance that stimulates childbirth
pan-
all
ex. panhypopituitarism - deficiency of all the hormones in the pituitary gland
poly-
many or increased
ex. polyuria - excessive urination
