Ch. 10 Evolution **

Question 1

Evolution

Answer 1

Is the change in a gene (allele) frequencies of a population from one generation to the next .

• Changes in the percent of an allele(s) in a population over time
• individuals do not evolve because individuals do not change their genotype. POPULATIONS evolve; the allele frequencies of populations change from one generation to the next
• Is the change in a gene (allele) frequencies of a population from one generation to the next .
• POPULATIONS evolve- NOT individuals

Question 2

Mutations

Answer 2

a Change in nucleotide sequence

Question 3

Natural selection

Answer 3

Is the difference in reproductive success of individuals
- those who produce more offspring pass more of their genes (alleles) to the next generation

Ex: peppered moths during industrial revolution

Question 4

Genetic drift

Answer 4

Is a change in allele frequencies due to chance alone

Ex: deer jumping into the road
At the wrong place at the wrong time

Question 5

Gene flow

Answer 5

Is a movement of individuals into and out of populations

Question 6

Sexual selection (mate choice)
(Non random mating)

Answer 6

Individuals that attract mates pass their genes to the next generation

Ex: female birds being attracted and mating with brighter colored males = brighter offspring

Question 7

Hardy Weinberg equilibrium **

Answer 7

Generally, all of the 5 processes that change gene frequencies occur in populations. To measure the rate if evolution (allele frequency changes), comparisons are made to a hypothetical population un which none of the 5 processes occur and this gene frequencies do not change

Question 8

Hardy Weinberg equation

• used for
• equation

Answer 8

• used to determine the genotype frequencies of a population
• AKA genotype equation

P squared + 2PQ + Q squared =1

P squared= frequency of homozygous dominant
2PQ= frequency of heterozygous
Q squared= homozygous recessive

Question 9

Allele frequency equation

• used for
• equation

Answer 9

• used to determine the allele frequencies of a population

P+Q=1

P squared= frequency of dominant allele
Q = frequency of recessive allele

Question 10

Highlights

Answer 10

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