Ch 10: Emotion & Motivation

Question 1

androgyny

Answer 1

individuals with strong personality traits associated with both sexes, combining toughness and gentleness, assertiveness and nurturing behavior, as called for by the situation

Question 2

anorexia nervosa

Answer 2

eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise

Question 3

arousal theory

Answer 3

performance is maximized at the optimal level of arousal, and it tapers off during under- and overarousal

Question 4

binge eating disorder

Answer 4

type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating and associated distress

Question 5

body dysmorphia

Answer 5

perceiving a flaw in your physical appearance that is either nonexistent or barely noticeable to other people

Question 6

bisexual

Answer 6

emotional and erotic attraction to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individuals

Question 7

bulimia nervosa

Answer 7

type of eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

Question 8

distorted body image

Answer 8

individuals view themselves as overweight even though they are not

Question 9

drive theory

Answer 9

deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need and ultimately bring the system back to homeostasis

Question 10

extrinsic motivation

Answer 10

motivation that arises from external factors or rewards

Question 11

gender dysphoria

Answer 11

diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify as the gender associated with their biological sex

Question 12

gender identity

Answer 12

individual’s sense of being male or female

Question 13

gender stereotype

Answer 13

a generalized view or perception about attributes or characteristics, or the roles that are ought to be possessed by, or performed by, women and men

Question 14

habit

Answer 14

pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage

Question 15

heterosexual

Answer 15

emotional and erotic attractions to opposite-sexed individuals

Question 16

hierarchy of needs

Answer 16

spectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualization

Question 17

homosexual

Answer 17

emotional and erotic attraction to same-sexed individuals

Question 18

instinct

Answer 18

species-specific pattern of behavior that is unlearned

Question 19

intersexed

Answer 19

individuals born with both genitalia

Question 20

intrinsic motivation

Answer 20

motivation based on internal feelings rather than external rewards

Question 21

kinsey’s research

Answer 21

homosexual behavior, infidelity, sex before marriage are all more common than previously thought

Question 22

leptin

Answer 22

satiety hormone

Question 23

master’s and johnson’s research

Answer 23

identified the human response cycle

Question 24

morbid obesity

Answer 24

adult with a BMI over 40

Question 25

motivation

Answer 25

wants or needs that direct behavior toward some goal

Question 26

need for achievement

Answer 26

drives accomplishment and performance

Question 27

need for affiliation

Answer 27

encourages positive interactions with others

Question 28

need for intimacy

Answer 28

causes us to seek deep, meaningful relationships

Question 29

overjustification effect

Answer 29

intrinsic motivation is diminished when extrinsic motivation is given

Question 30

overweight

Answer 30

adult with a BMI between 25 and 29.9

Question 31

satiation

Answer 31

fullness; satisfaction

Question 32

set point theory

Answer 32

assertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to change

Question 33

sexual orientation

Answer 33

emotional and erotic attraction to same-sexed individuals, opposite-sexed individuals, or both

Question 34

sexual response cycle

Answer 34

divided into 4 phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution

Question 35

transgender hormone therapy

Answer 35

use of hormones to make one’s body look more like the opposite-sex