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Anatomy > CH 10 and 11 (muscle origins, insertions, actions, and innervations) > Flashcards

CH 10 and 11 (muscle origins, insertions, actions, and innervations) Flashcards

1
Q

Buccinator

A

O: alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible opposite the molar teeth
I: blends into fibers of orbicularis oris
A: compresses cheeks
N: Facial nerve

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2
Q

Mentalis

A

O: incisive fossa of mandible
I: skin of chin
A: elevates, everts, and protrudes lower lip

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3
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

O: maxilla and mandible
I: lips
A: compresses, purses lips

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4
Q

Risorius

A

O: fascia surrounding parotid salivary gland
I: angle of mouth
A: draws corner of mouth laterally

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5
Q

Zygomaticus major

A

O: zygomatic bone near the zygomaticotemporal suture
I: fibers of levator anguli oris, orbicularis oris, and other muscles at angle of mouth
A: elevates corner of mouth and draws it laterally

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6
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

O: medial margin of orbit
I: skin around eyelids
A: closes eye
N: facial nerve

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7
Q

Occipitofrontalis ( frontal belly)

A

O: epicranial aponeurosis
I: skin of eyebrow and bridge of nose
A: raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

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8
Q

Occipitofrontalis (occipital belly)

A

O: superior nuchal line and adjacent region of mastoid portion of the temporal bone
I: epicranial aponeurosis
A: tenses and retracts scalp

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9
Q

Temporoparietalis

A

O: fascia around external ear
I: epicranial aponeurosis
A: tenses scalp, moves auricle of ear

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10
Q

Masseter

A

O: aponeurosis and bones of the zygomatic arch
I: lateral surface and angle of mandibular ramus
A: elevates mandible closes jaws; assists in protracting and retracting mandible and moving it side to side
N: trigeminal nerve, mandibular branch

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11
Q

Temporalis

A

O: along temporal lines of the skull
I: coronoid process of mandible and the anterior border of the mandibular ramus
A: elevates mandible and closes jaws; assists in retracting and moving mandible from side to side

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12
Q

Diagastric anterior belly

A

O: from inferior surface of mandible at chin
I: hyoid bone
A: depresses mandible, opening mouth, and or elevates larynx
N: trigeminal nerve and mandibular branch

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13
Q

Geniohyoid

A

O: medial surface of mandible at chin
I: hyoid bone
A: depresses mandible, opening mouth, elevates larynx, and retracts hyoid bone

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14
Q

Mylohyoid

A

O: mylohyoid line of mandible
I: median CT band that runs to hyoid bone
A: elevates floor of mouth, elevates hyoid bone, and or depresses mandible

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15
Q

Sternohyoid

A

O: clavicle and manubrium
I: hyoid bone
A: depresses hyoid bone and larynx
N: cercival spinal nerves

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16
Q

Sternothyroid

A

O: dorsal surface of manubrium and first costal cartilage
I: thyroid cartilage of larynx
A: depresses hyoid bone and larynx

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17
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

O: thyroid cartilage of larynx
I: hyoid bone
A: elevates larynx, depresses hyoid bone

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18
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Clavicular head:
O: attaches to sternal end of clavicle
Sternal head:
O: attaches to manubrium
I: mastoid region of skull and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
A: together they flex the neck; alone one side bends the neck toward shoulder and turns face to opposite side
N: accessory nerve and cervical spinal nerves of cervical plexus

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19
Q

External intercostals

A

O: inferior border of each rib
I: superior border of more inferior rib
A: elevate ribs
N: intercostal nerves

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20
Q

Internal intercostals

A

O: superior border of each rib
I: inferior border of the more superior rib
A: depress ribs

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21
Q

Serratus posterior ( inferior)

A

O: aponeurosis from spinous processes of T11-L2 or L3
I: inferior border of ribs 9-12
A: pulls ribs inferiorly; also pulls outward, opposing diaphragm

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22
Q

External oblique

A

O: exterior and inferior borders of ribs 5-12
I: external oblique aponeurosis extending to linea alba and iliac cest
A: compresses abdomen; depresses ribs; flexes, laterally flexes, or rotates vertebral column to the opposite side

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23
Q

Internal oblique

A

O: thoracolumbar fascia, inguinal ligament, and iliac crest
I: inferior surfaces of ribs 9-12 costal cartilages 8-10, linea alba, and pubis
A: compresses abdomen; depresses ribs; flexes, laterally flexes, or rotates vertebral column to the same side

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24
Q

Transversus abdominus

A

O: cartilages of ribs 7-12, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fossa
I: linea alba and pubis
A: compresses abdomen

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25
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

O: corocoid process
I: medial margin of shaft of humerus
A: adduction and flexion at shoulder

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26
Q

Deltoid

A

O: clavicle and scapula (acromion and adjacent scapular spine)
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: whole muscle: abduction of shoulder; anterior part: flexion and medial rotation of humerus; posterior part: extension and lateral rotation of humerus
N: axillary nerve

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27
Q

Supraspinatus

A

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: abduction at shoulder
N: suprascapular nerve

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28
Q

Infraspinatus

A

O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: lateral rotation at shoulder

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29
Q

Subscapularis

A

O: subscapular fossa of scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: medial rotation at shoulder

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30
Q

Teres major

A

O: inferior angle of scapula
I: medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A: extension and medial rotation at shoulder

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31
Q

Teres minor

A

O: lateral border of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: lateral rotation and adduction at shoulder

32
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

O: spinous processes of inferior thoracic and all lumbar sacral vertebrae, ribs 8-12, and thoracolumbar fascia
I: floor of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
A: extension, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder

33
Q

Pectoralis major

A

O: cartilages of ribs 2-6, body of sternum, and inferior, medial portion of clavicle
I: crest of greater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A: flexion, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder

34
Q

Biceps brachii

A

O: short head from the coracoid process; long head from the supraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
I: radial tuberosity
A: flexion at elbow and shoulder; supination
N: musculocutaneous nerve

35
Q

Brachialis

A

O: distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus
I: ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process
A: flexion at elbow

36
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O: ridge superior to the lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: lateral aspect of styloid process of radius
A: flexion at elbow

37
Q

Anconeus

A

O: posterior surface of lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: lateral margin of olecranon and ulnar shaft
A: extension at elbow

38
Q

Triceps brachii (lateral head)

A

O: superior, lateral margin of humerus
I: olecranon of unla
A: extension at elbow
N: radial nerve

39
Q

Triceps brachii (long head)

A

O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I: olecranon of unla
A: extension at elbow and extension and adduction at shoulder
N: radial nerve

40
Q

Triceps brachii (medial head)

A

O: posterior surface of humerus;, inferior to radial groove
I: olecranon of unla
A: extension at elbow
N: radial nerve

41
Q

Pronator teres

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
I: middle of lateral surface of radius
A: pronates forearm and hand by medial rotation of radius at radiounlar joints and flexion at elbow

42
Q

Supinator

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus and ridge near radial notch of unla
I: anterolateral surface of radius distal to the radial tuberosity
A: supinates forearm and hand by lateral rotation of radius at radioulnar joints

43
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: bases of second and third metacarpal bones
A: flexion and abduction at wrist

44
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus; adjacent medial surface of olecranon and anteromedial portion of the ulna
I: pisiform, hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal bone
A: flexion and adduction at wrist
N: ulnar nerve

45
Q

Palmaris longus

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: palmar epineurosis and flexor retinaculum
A: flexion at wrist

46
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: base of second metacarpal bone
A: extension and abduction at wrist
N: radial nerve

47
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of third metacarpal bone
A: extension and abduction at wrist

48
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus; adjacent dorsal surface of ulna
I: base of fifth metacarpal bone
A: extension and adduction at wrist

49
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: posterior surfaces of the phalanges, digits 2-5
A: extension at finger joints and wrist

50
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus; coronoid process of ulna and adjacent anterior surfaces of ulna and radius
I: to bases of middle phalanges of digits 2-5
A: flexion at proximal interphalangeal, metacarpophalangeal, and wrist joints
N: medial nerve

51
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A

O: medial and posterior surfaces of ulna, medial surfaces of coronoid process, and interosseous membrane
I: bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
A: flexion at distal interphalangeal joints, and, to a lesser degree, proximal interphalangeal joints and wrist

52
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

O: anterior shaft of radius, interosseous membrane
I: base of distal phalanx of thumb
A: flexion at joints of thumb

53
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

O: iliac crest, posterior gluteal line, and lateral surface of ilium; sacrum, coccyx, and thoracolumbar fascia
I: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: extension and lateral rotation at hip; helps stabilize the extended knee; abduction at the hip (superior fibers only)
N: inferior gluteal nerve

54
Q

Gluteus medius

A

O: anterior iliac crest, lateral surface of ilium b/w posterior and anterior gluteal lines
I: greater trochanter of femur
A: abduction and medial rotation at hip

55
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

O: lateral surface of ilium b/w inferior and anterior gluteal lines
I: greater trochanter of femur
A: abduction and medial rotation at hip

56
Q

Tensor fasciae latae

A

O: iliac crest and lateral surface of anterior superior iliac spine
I: iliotibial tract
A: abduction and medial rotation at hip; extension and lateral rotation at knee; tenses fasciae latae, which laterally supports the knee

57
Q

Piriformis

A

O: anterolateral surface of sacrum
I: greater trochanter of femur
A: lateral rotation and abduction of hip; help to maintain stability and integrity of the hip

58
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

O: lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I: intertrochanteric crest of femur
A: lateral rotation of hip

59
Q

Adductor longus

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis, anterior to adductor brevis
I: linea aspera of femur
A: adduction, flexion, and medial rotation at hip

60
Q

Adductor magnus

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis posterior to adductor brevis and ishial tuberosity
I: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
A: whole muscle produces adduction at the hip; anterior part produces flexion and medial rotation; posterior part produces extension

61
Q

Gracilis

A

O: inferior ramus of pubis
I: medial surface of tibia inferior to medial condyle
A: flexion and medial rotation at knee; adduction and medial rotation at hip
N: obturator nerve

62
Q

Biceps femoris

A

O: ishial tuberosity and linea aspera of femur
I: head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia
A: flexion at knee; extension and lateral rotation at hip

63
Q

Semimembranosus

A

O: ishial tuberosity
I: posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
A: flexion at knee; extension and medial rotation at hip
N: sciatic nerve

64
Q

Semitendinosus

A

O: ishial tuberosity
I: proximal medial surface of tibia near insertion of gracilis
A: flexion at knee; extension and medial rotation at hip

65
Q

Sartorius

A

O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: medial surface of tibia near tibial tuberosity
A: flexion at knee; abduction, flexion, and lateral rotation at hip
N: femoral nerve

66
Q

Popliteus

A

O: lateral condyle of femur
I: posterior surface of proximal tibial shaft
A: medial rotation of tibia (or lateral rotation of femur) at knee; flexion at knee

67
Q

Rectus femorus

A

O: anterior inferior iliac spine and superior acetular rim of ilium
I: tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon, patella, and patellar ligament
A: extension at knee; flexion at hip
N: femoral nerve

68
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

O: anterolateral surface of femur and linea aspera (distal half)
I: tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon, patella, and patellar ligament
A: extension at knee
N: femoral nerve

69
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O: anterior and inferior to greater trochanter of femur and along linea aspera (proximal half)
I: tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon, patella, and patellar ligament
A: extension at knee

70
Q

Vastus medialis

A

O: entire length of linea aspera of femur
I: tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon, patella, and patellar ligament
A: extension at knee

71
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia
I: base of first metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform
A: dorsiflexion at ankle; inversion of foot

72
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

O: femoral condyles
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
A: plantar flexion at ankle; flexion at knee
N: tibial nerve

73
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

O: midlateral margin of fibular
I: base of fifth metatarsal bone
A: eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle

74
Q

Fibularis longus

A

O: head and proximal shaft of fibula
I: base of first metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform
A: eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle; supports ankle; supports longitudinal and transverse arches

75
Q

Soleus

A

O: head and [roximal shaft of fibula, and adjacent posteromedial shaft of tibia
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (with gastrocnemius)
A: plantar flexion at ankle; postural muscle when standing

76
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

O: interosseous membrane and adjacent shafts of tibia and fibula
I: navicular, all three cuneiforms, cuboid, second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones
A: inversion of foot; plantar flexion at ankle

Anatomy (6 decks)

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