Ch 10, 11 Emotions & attachment (Slides)

Question 1

Discrete view of emotions

Answer 1

• all elements of emotions are a single package
• labels may vary by culture, but those key components remain the same
• emotions evolved because they serve a purpose (connection to functional perspective)

Question 2

What function do emotions have?

Answer 2

many, can be used for communicating, can also motivate

Question 3

What is emotional intelligence? (3 points)

Answer 3

1. Identifying emotions in others
2. Understanding causes of emotion
3. Regulation of own emotions and display

Question 4

Temperament

Answer 4

Differences among children in emotion, activity level, attention
-seem to persist for individuals across contexts and range

Question 5

Differences in context and culture for emotional development

Answer 5

• caretaker and others: emotion socialization
• caretaker responsiveness
• functional necessity of some emotions (e.g., anger)

Question 6

Trauma or pathology

Answer 6

• neglect of basic needs

- living in poverty associated with pervasive stress

Question 7

Assumption for attachment theory

Answer 7

Babies require social and emotional care to only food and shelter- neglect creates pathology

Question 8

‘Snapshot’ of attachment theory (Bowlby)

Answer 8

• children are active learners
• learning can be dangerous and scary
• children who are attached can: use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore
• seek comfort or help from caregiver if exploration becomes dangerous
• a healthy child-caregiver relationship is required if attachment is to work this way

Question 9

Phases of attachment theory

Answer 9

• begin to respond to familiar people (6weeks to 6-8months)
• seeking contact with regular caregivers (6-8months-1.5 years)
• reciprocal relationships (1.5yrs- and into adulthood)

Question 10

3 Different forms of attachment

Answer 10

-Secure attachment
-Insecure/resistant (Ambivalent)
-Insecure/avoidant
(4% disorganized or inconsistent)

Question 11

What adaptive (functional) role does attachment serve?

Answer 11

Attachment creates a bond that allows children to explore and learn, while staying safe through caregiver’s presence

Question 12

How does attachment (develop) emerge with age?

Answer 12

Attachment build on social experience through three phases

1. preferences and trust (6weeks-8months)
2. attachment (8months-1.5yrs)
3. reciprocal relationships (1.5years +)

Question 13

How does attachment work (mechanism) mind and behaviour?

Answer 13

Shapes child behaviour:

• explore and learn when caretaker is present
• seeks caretaker help when afraid or in danger

-unwilling to explore in
absence of a caretaker to whom they are attached

Question 14

How did attachment evolve, did it exist in human ancestors?

Answer 14

Attachment appears in other animals, is related to both caregiving and exploration. may be general to animals with dependent offspring…

Question 15

Are all emotions cross-cultural?

Answer 15

Not every culture labels or recognizes every emotion, but they may still feel the same emotions even if it is not given a label

Question 16

Attachment

Answer 16

an emotional bond to a general caregiver(s)