Ch 1 Introduction to personality (class 1&2) Flashcards
Describe Mood (in contrast with personality)
Mood is :
- Short lasting
- Quick to change
Describe Personality (in contrast with Mood)
Personality is :
- Enduring
- Affects across Dif environments
What is a Psychological trait
- Description of how someone generally behaves
2. Ways ppl differ.
Why do we focus on traits?
- Descriptive
- Explain behaviour
- Predict behaviours
What does personality influence when interacting with the environment
- Perceptions
- Selections
- Evocations
- Manipulations
Explain the ways an individual affects the environment through 1. Perceptions
Perceptions : How personality shapes what we see and how
Explain the ways an individual affects the environment through 2. Selections
- Selections : How our personality skewed perceptions to make us chose our environment
Explain the ways an individual affects the environment through 3. Evocations
- Evocations : How our personalities can make others react
Explain the ways an individual affects the environment through 4. Manipulations
- Manipulations : How ppl can start to act differently because of our personality
Different 3 levels of personality analysis
- Human nature
- Individual & Grp diff
- Individual Uniqueness
Describe the 1. human nature level of personality analysis
- Human nature : How we are all alike
EX. Speech
Describe the 2. individual & group difference level of personality analysis
- individual & group difference : How we are similar & differ to others in groups
EX Introvert vs Extrovert.
Describe the 3. Individual Uniqueness level of personality analysis
- Individual uniqueness
EX My unique quirks …
What do we look at when talking about the dispositional … look at personality
Ways individuals differ from one another
3 parts of the Biological …
- Genetics
- Psychophysiological
- Evolution
Biological
1. Genetics
What genetics questions interests personality researchers
- Are we predisposed to certain personalities
Biological
1. Genetics
What genetics questions interests personality researchers
- How environment & innate characteristic interact to influence personality
Biological
2. Psychophysiological
What psychophysiological questions interests personality researchers
- Can we track personality through the body’s responses
Biological
2. Psychophysiological
What psychophysiological questions interests personality researchers
- Can our personality affect how our body work
Biological
2. Psychophysiological
What psychophysiological questions interests personality researchers
- What is the strength of the stress response and how does this interact
Biological
3. Evolution
What is Evolutionionary psychology tell us about behaviours
The Behaviours that exist are the ones who helped us survive
Biological
3. Evolution
What evolution questions interest personality researchers
Why do we have some traits?
Why do they exist?
Biological
3. Evolution
What evolution questions interest personality researchers
Why are mal adaptive traits still around?
What is the Intrapsychic …
Focus on Internal mechanism of psychology
Beyond our awareness (unconscious)
Psychoanalytic
What is Cognitive Experiential focus on
Focus on conscious aspect of personality
Role of past history and experiences
What does the Socio Cultural approach tell us
Internal aspect of personality but is also affected by environment (culture, social groups)
Adjustment …
Investigates how personality helps us adapt and survive to the world
Theories are in two parts
Based in scientific methodology
Contain 3 key elements of science
1. Testable 2. Replicable 3. Valid
Beliefs are
Not based in scientific methodology
Can be important, provide guidance, faith, connection
What makes a good theory
Pushes science forward
Sense to the world, organizing known effects
Allows to predict behaviours in the real world
