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Neuroanatomy > Ch 1 Flashcards > Flashcards

Ch 1 Flashcards

1
Q

dynamic sys theory

A

-any sys including the nervous sys
-can be studied at various levels of analysis

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2
Q

microscopic

A

-small
ex: molecules & cells in the nervous sys

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3
Q

mesoscopic

A

-intermediate (btwn micro and macro)
-groups of cells linked together in various sys

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4
Q

macroscopic

A

-bigger picture
-the whole human interacting with their env

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5
Q

distributed control

A

-at any one time, the nervous sys coordinated many different activities
ex: taking notes in the classroom

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6
Q

adaptation

A

-the human sys is able to change which can lead to changes in behavior; can be shaped by the env

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7
Q

neuro-occupation

A

-reciprocal relationship btwn the nervous sys and occupation

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8
Q

localization of fxn

A

-particular structures in the nervous sys can loosely be tied to particular fxns

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9
Q

topographical organization

A

-the brain can loossely be compared to a map
-mapped based on the fxn of the brain

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10
Q

brodmann’s areas

A

-classification sys which uses numbers to label indiv

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11
Q

hemispheric specialization

A

-each hemisphere of the brain is connected to some specific fxns
-left: interprets the meaning
-right: interprets the emotions

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12
Q

phylogenetic layers

A

-most newer parts of our brain are located at the top of out head and more primitive parts are located deeper & lower

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13
Q

crossed representation

A

-for most sensory & motor fxns
-left side: corresponds to the right side of the body
-right side: corresponds to the left side of the body

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14
Q

neurons

A

-anatomical and functional unit of the nervous sys consisting of dendrites, a cell body, & an axon

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15
Q

cell

A

-cell body

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16
Q

nerve fibers

A

-dendrites & axons

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17
Q

white matter

A

-tissue of the CNS rich in myelinated axons

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18
Q

gray matter

A

-tissue of the CNS rich with neuronal cell bodies

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19
Q

glial cells

A

-non-neural cells

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20
Q

sulcus (sulci)/gyrus (gyri)

A

-crevices of the brain/ridges of the brain

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21
Q

fissure

A

-a deep sulcus

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22
Q

cortex

A

-outer layer of an organ or body structure

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23
Q

medial

A

-toward midline

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24
Q

lateral

A

-away from midline

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25
Q

anterior

A

-toward the front

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26
Q

posterior

A

-toward the back

27
Q

superior

A

-above another part

28
Q

inferior

A

-below another part

29
Q

rostral

A

-toward the head

30
Q

caudal

A

-toward the tail or coccyx

31
Q

ventral

A

-front/lower side

32
Q

dorsal

A

-back/upper side

33
Q

proximal

A

-in close proximity to the center of the body

34
Q

distal

A

-distant from the center of the body

35
Q

ipsilateral

A

-on the same side of the body

36
Q

contralateral

A

-on the opp side of the body

37
Q

unilateral

A

-on one side of the body

38
Q

bilateral

A

-on both sides of the body

39
Q

superficial

A

-closer to the surface

40
Q

deep

A

-farther from the surface

41
Q

afferent

A

-conducts info centrally (sensory)

42
Q

efferent

A

-conducts info peripherally (motor)

43
Q

horizontal/transverse

A

-superior & inferior

44
Q

coronal/frontal

A

-front & back

45
Q

sagittal

A

-left & right

46
Q

midsagittal

A

-equal on left & right

47
Q

neural axis

A

-brain & spinal cord
-enclosed by bone

48
Q

cephalic flexure

A

-extension of the CNS that includes 12 pairs of cranial nerves & 31 pairs of spinal nerves
-not encased by bone or protected by the blood-brain barrier

49
Q

autonomic nerovous sys

A

-innervates smooth muscle & glands; reg homeostasis

50
Q

sympathetic

A

-fight or flight

51
Q

parasympathetic

A

-rest or digest

52
Q

somatic nervous sys

A

-innervates mainly musculoskeletal tissue and skin

53
Q

cerebrum

A

-largest part
-two cerebral hemishpheres (right and left) connected by the corpus callosum

54
Q

5 lobes

A

-frontal
-parietal
-temporal
-occipital
-limbic

55
Q

frontal

A

-front of the head/forehead

56
Q

parietal

A

-near the back top area

57
Q

temporal

A

-above the ears

58
Q

occipital

A

-the back part of the head

59
Q

limbic

A

-deep part; only seen when looking at the mid sagital view

60
Q

cerebral cortex

A

-gray matter surface of the brain which is several millimeters thick
-outer layer of any organ

61
Q

deeper structures

A

-mostly white matter with some expectations;

-contains basal nuclei, limbic sys, and internal capsule

62
Q

diencephalon

A

-the center of the brain

63
Q

cerebellum

A

-dorsal to the pons
-attached to brainstem by 3 massive fiber groups called peduncles

64
Q

brain stem

A

-contains 3 regions from superior to inferior
-midbrain, pons, and medulla

Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

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