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RADT 3020 Rad. Procedures 1 > Ch. 1 - Body Planes, Thoracic Cavity, and Anatomical Positions > Flashcards

Ch. 1 - Body Planes, Thoracic Cavity, and Anatomical Positions Flashcards

1
Q

Physiology?

A

The study of the function of the body organs

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2
Q

Osteology?

A

The study of bones

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3
Q

Describe anatomic position

A

Standing upright, arms at sides, palms forward, toes forward

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4
Q

What do body planes do?

A

They divide the body in reference to longitudinal axis

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5
Q

What are the four body planes?

A

Sagittal, coronal, horizontal (transverse), and oblique

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6
Q

Sagittal Planes

A

They divide the body into right and left halves

Runs anterior to posterior

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7
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

A special Sagittal plane that is also known as MSP

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8
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Divides the body into anterior and posterior

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9
Q

What is a special coronal plane?

A

Midcoronal plane (MCP)

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10
Q

What two planes divide the body into equal halves or portions?

A

Midsagittal Plane and the Midcoronal plane

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11
Q

Horizontal Plane

A

Passes through the body crosswise
Positioned at a right angle to MCP and MSP
Divides body into superior and inferior portions

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12
Q

Other names for horizontal plane

A

Transverse
Axial
Cross-sectional plane

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13
Q

Oblique plane

A

Passes through a body part at any angle

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14
Q

Name a very commonly used surface landmark

A

iliac crest

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15
Q

What do we use since we don’t have X-ray vision to find certain areas in the body?

A

External landmarks

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16
Q

What landmark can we feel for to find the level of T2 and T3?

A

Jugular Noch

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17
Q

The inferior angel of the scapula can help us find what level?

A

T7

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18
Q

What landmark can we feel for to find the level of T9 and T10?

A

Xiphoid process

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19
Q

What can the iliac crest help you determine the level of?

A

L4 & L5

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20
Q

Our anterior superior iliac spine can help us determine what level?

A

S1

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21
Q

Where is the anterior superior iliac spine?

A

The bump on the front side of your hip

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22
Q

What landmark can be used to help determine the level of C7?

A

Vertebral prominens (prominent spinal process)

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23
Q

EAM

A

External auditory meatus

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24
Q

Medial

A

An anatomic relationship term that means closer to the midline

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25
Q

As for anatomical relationship: The ulna is ___________ to the radius

A

Medial

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26
Q

Lateral

A

An anatomical relationship that means more towards the sides

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27
Q

As for anatomical relationship terms: the radius is ________ to the ulna.

A

Lateral

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28
Q

Central

A

An anatomical relationship that means mid area or main part of an organ

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29
Q

Peripheral

A

At or near the surface, edge, or outside of another body part

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30
Q

What two directional terms are only used when in reference to limbs?

A

Proximal and distal

31
Q

Proximal

A

Nearer to the point of attachment

32
Q

Distal

A

Further from the point of attachment

33
Q

In reference to anatomical relationship terms: the ankle is _______ to the knee.

A

Distal

34
Q

In reference to anatomical relationship terms: the femoral head is _______ to the femoral condyles.

A

Proximal

35
Q

Palmar

A

Palm of the hand

36
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of the foot

37
Q

Dorsum

A

Anterior or top of the foot

Back of the hand

38
Q

What two planes are perpendicular to each other?

A

The MCP and the MSP

39
Q

Superficial

A

Near the skin or surface

40
Q

Deep

A

Far from the skin

41
Q

Parietal

A

Wall or lining of a body cavity

42
Q

Visceral

A

Covering of an organ

43
Q

Which is the outer most?

Visceral or Parietal

A

Parietal

44
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Parts on the same side of the body

45
Q

Contralateral

A

Parts on the opposite side of the body

46
Q

What are the two great body cavities?

A

Thoracic and abdominal

47
Q

What separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities?

A

The diaphragm

48
Q

What does the thoracic cavity contain?

A

Heart and great vessel, Lungs, pleural membranes, trachea, esophagus, pericardium,

49
Q

What does the abdominal (abdominopelvic) cavity contain?

A

Peritoneum, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, liver, ureters, kidneys, major blood vessel.

50
Q

What is in just the pelvic portion of the abdominal cavity?

A

Part of the reproductive organs, rectum, and bladder

51
Q

The abdomen is divided in two methods known as what?

A

Quadrants and regions

52
Q

What are the four quadrants of the abdomen?

A

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

53
Q

Anatomy?

A

The study of the structure of the body

54
Q

What are quadrants useful for?

A

To describe the location of various abdominal organs

55
Q

What are the Regions of the abdomen?

A

There are 9 regions of the body:
Right hypochondrium, epigastrium, left hypochondrium, right lateral, umbilical, left lateral, right inguinal, hypogastrium, left inguinal

56
Q

Which is used more often: regions or quadrants?

A

Quadrants

57
Q

Body habitus

A

The common variations of the shape of the human body

58
Q

Why is body habitus important to radiography?

A

Because it determines the size, shape and position of organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavity

59
Q

What organs are affected by body habitus?

A

All

60
Q

What are the types of body habits?

A

Asthenic - smallest (emaciation)
Hyposthenic - smaller than avg.
Sthenic - average
Hypersthenic - larger than average

61
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline

62
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the midline

63
Q

Extension

A

Straightening of a joint

64
Q

Flexion

A

Bending of a joint

65
Q

Evert/ eversion

A

Outward turning of the foot at the ankle

Pinky toe comes up

66
Q

Invert/ inversion

A

Inward turning of the foot at the ankle

Big toe comes up

67
Q

Pronation

A

Rotation of the forearm so the palm is down

Rotates the forearm to where the end result is that the palm is facing down

68
Q

Supination

A

Rotation of the forearm so that the palm is forward and up

69
Q

Rotation / rotate

A

Turning of the body or part around its axis

Can either be internal rotation or external rotation

70
Q

Rotation of the limb towards the midline is…

A

Internal rotation

71
Q

Rotating a limb away from the midline is…

A

External rotation

72
Q

Circumduction

A

Circular movement of a limb

73
Q

Tilt

A

Tipping or slanting a body part slightly

74
Q

Deviation

A

Turning away from the regular or standard course

Example: ulnar deviation) (on power point slide 36

RADT 3020 Rad. Procedures 1 (6 decks)

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