Ch 1

Question 1

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Answer 1

Psychology

Question 2

Where does knowledge come from

Answer 2

Empiricism and nativism

Question 3

Knowledge comes from the outside world

Answer 3

Empiricism

Question 4

Knowledge comes from inside world

Answer 4

Nativism

Question 5

Who realized that lab science methods could be used to study mental processes

Answer 5

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 6

Goal was to study how the mind allows an organism to adopt to the environment

Answer 6

William James

Question 7

Focuses on the body, especially the brain and nervous system

Answer 7

Biological approach

Question 8

Observable behavioral responses and their environmental determining

Answer 8

Behavioral approach

Question 9

emphasizes unconscious thought, the conflict between biological drives and societies demands

Answer 9

Psychodynamic approach

Question 10

First to propose the idea of the subconscious, father of clinical psychology

Answer 10

Sigmund Freud

Question 11

Emphasizes a persons positive qualities, the capacity for growth, and the freedom to choose any seating

Answer 11

Humanistic approach

Question 12

Emphasizes mental processes involved in attention, perception, learning, memory, planning, thinking, and problem solving

Answer 12

Cognitive approach

Question 13

Examines the ways in which cultural environments influence behavior

Answer 13

Sociocultural approach

Question 14

3 types of psychological research

Answer 14

Descriptive
Experimental
Correlational

Question 15

Goal; describing a phenomenon

Answer 15

Descriptive research

Question 16

Goal is the discovery of casual relationships between variables. The two variables change together

Answer 16

Correlational response

Question 17

A measure of the direction (+ or -) and strength of a correlation

Answer 17

Correlation coefficient

Question 18

Where a variable has not been measured accounts for the relationship between two other variables

Answer 18

Third variable problem

Question 19

Procedure for establishing the casual relationship between variables

Answer 19

Experiment

Question 20

The creation of an artificial pattern of variation in order to determine its casual influence on anther variable

Answer 20

Manipulation

Question 21

A procedure that uses a random event to assign people to the experimental or control group

Answer 21

Random assignment

Question 22

The participants who recieve the treatment

Answer 22

Experimental group

Question 23

People who are treated the same but do not receive the drug test

Answer 23

Control group

Question 24

When anything about a person determines whether he or she will be included in the experiment or control group

Answer 24

Self selection

Question 25

Representative of real world issues? Do results generalize to the real world?

Answer 25

External validity

Question 26

Are dependent variables changes the result of independent variable manipulation?

Answer 26

Internal validity