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Biology 105 > Ch 1 > Flashcards

Ch 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Adaptation

A

Inherited characteristics that enhance an organism’s ability to survive in a particular environment

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2
Q

Animalia

A

Made up of multicellular organisms that eat other organisms for nutrition. Most reproduce sexually

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3
Q

Archea

A

1 of the 2 kingdoms of prokaryotes. Single celled microscopic organisms that have been around for more than 3.5 billion years. Very diverse

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4
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

One individual gives rise to 2 or more offspring that are similar to the parent

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5
Q

Bacteria

A

**A kingdom of prokaryotes

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6
Q

Binomial system of nomenclature

A

A two-name system. First name=genus second name (specific epithet) designates a species belonging to that genus. Developed my Carolus Linnaeus.

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7
Q

Cell

A

Basic unit that makes up organisms

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8
Q

Cell Theory

A

All cells come from other cells

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9
Q

Conclusion

A

a statement based on experimental measurements and observations. It includes a summary of the results, whether or not the hypothesis was supported, the significance of the study, and future research.

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10
Q

Control Group

A

Same conditions as experimental group besides the one condition being tested is not applied to the control group.

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11
Q

Controlled Experiment

A
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12
Q

Dependent Variable

A
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13
Q

Dichotomus Key

A
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14
Q

DNA

A

Carries genetic information and “recipes” for making all proteins required by an organism

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15
Q

Domain

A

Kingdoms are grouped into domains

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16
Q

Double Blind Study

A
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17
Q

Eukarya

A

Domain that includes protists, plants, animals and fungi

18
Q

Eukaryotic Cell

A

Has nucleus and membrane bound organelles

19
Q

Experimental Group

A

Group that is different from the control group only in the case of 1 variable

20
Q

Falsifiable

A
21
Q

Genus

A

Closely related species are grouped together in these. Also first part in Linnean naming system

22
Q

Hypothesis

A

A testable explanation for observations or phenomena

23
Q

Independent Variable

A

What you are testing

24
Q

Kingdom

A

Broad taxonomic grouping, just beneath domain on the heirarchy

25
Q

Metabolism

A

includes all chemical activities that take place in an organism, including:
Chemical reactions essential to nutrition
Growth and repair
Conversion of energy

26
Q

Observation

A

consists of receiving knowledge of the outside world through our senses, or recording information using scientific tools and instruments. Any data recorded during an experiment can be called an observation.

27
Q

Organelle

A

specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells

28
Q

Placebo

A

a placebo is an inert treatment or substance that has no known effects (fake independent variable)

29
Q

Plantae

A

Kingdom (of Eukaryotes) that includes Plants

30
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

also called the cell membrane, is the membrane found in all cells that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment.

protects the cell and regulates passage of materials between the cell and its environment

31
Q

Prokaryotic Cell

A

Exclusive to bacteria and Archaea

Structurally simple: do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles

32
Q

Protist

A

Eukaryotic kingdom including algae, slime molds, ameobas and ciliates. They are unicellular, colonial or simple multicellular organisms that have eukaryotic cells. thought to be the first to evolve

33
Q

Scientific Method

A

A series of steps in which scientists make observations, ask questions, develop hypotheses, test those ideas with experiments, gather and analyze data, and then draw a conclusion from that data

34
Q

Species

A

A group of organisms with similar structure, function and behavior. consists of one or more populations whose members can breed with one another. They do not breed with members of other species

35
Q

Specific Epithet

A

The second part of Linnean naming system which designates specific species

36
Q

Standardized Variable

A
37
Q

Testable

A

Capable of being tested; and test results should be repeatable by independent observers

38
Q

Theory

A

An integrated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a number of hypotheses, each supported by consistent results from many observations or experiments
By showing relationships among classes of facts, a scientific theory clarifies our understanding of the natural world

39
Q

Treatment

A
40
Q

6 Characteristics of life

A 
Are composed of cells
Grow and develop
Regulate their metabolic processes 
Respond to stimuli
Reproduce
Adapt to the environment

Biology 105 (8 decks)

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