Ch 1 Flashcards
Adaptation
Inherited characteristics that enhance an organism’s ability to survive in a particular environment
Animalia
Made up of multicellular organisms that eat other organisms for nutrition. Most reproduce sexually
Archea
1 of the 2 kingdoms of prokaryotes. Single celled microscopic organisms that have been around for more than 3.5 billion years. Very diverse
Asexual Reproduction
One individual gives rise to 2 or more offspring that are similar to the parent
Bacteria
**A kingdom of prokaryotes
Binomial system of nomenclature
A two-name system. First name=genus second name (specific epithet) designates a species belonging to that genus. Developed my Carolus Linnaeus.
Cell
Basic unit that makes up organisms
Cell Theory
All cells come from other cells
Conclusion
a statement based on experimental measurements and observations. It includes a summary of the results, whether or not the hypothesis was supported, the significance of the study, and future research.
Control Group
Same conditions as experimental group besides the one condition being tested is not applied to the control group.
Controlled Experiment
Dependent Variable
Dichotomus Key
DNA
Carries genetic information and “recipes” for making all proteins required by an organism
Domain
Kingdoms are grouped into domains
Double Blind Study
Eukarya
Domain that includes protists, plants, animals and fungi
Eukaryotic Cell
Has nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Experimental Group
Group that is different from the control group only in the case of 1 variable
Falsifiable
Genus
Closely related species are grouped together in these. Also first part in Linnean naming system
Hypothesis
A testable explanation for observations or phenomena
Independent Variable
What you are testing
Kingdom
Broad taxonomic grouping, just beneath domain on the heirarchy
Metabolism
includes all chemical activities that take place in an organism, including:
Chemical reactions essential to nutrition
Growth and repair
Conversion of energy
Observation
consists of receiving knowledge of the outside world through our senses, or recording information using scientific tools and instruments. Any data recorded during an experiment can be called an observation.
Organelle
specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells
Placebo
a placebo is an inert treatment or substance that has no known effects (fake independent variable)
Plantae
Kingdom (of Eukaryotes) that includes Plants
Plasma Membrane
also called the cell membrane, is the membrane found in all cells that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment.
protects the cell and regulates passage of materials between the cell and its environment
Prokaryotic Cell
Exclusive to bacteria and Archaea
Structurally simple: do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles
Protist
Eukaryotic kingdom including algae, slime molds, ameobas and ciliates. They are unicellular, colonial or simple multicellular organisms that have eukaryotic cells. thought to be the first to evolve
Scientific Method
A series of steps in which scientists make observations, ask questions, develop hypotheses, test those ideas with experiments, gather and analyze data, and then draw a conclusion from that data
Species
A group of organisms with similar structure, function and behavior. consists of one or more populations whose members can breed with one another. They do not breed with members of other species
Specific Epithet
The second part of Linnean naming system which designates specific species
Standardized Variable
Testable
Capable of being tested; and test results should be repeatable by independent observers
Theory
An integrated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a number of hypotheses, each supported by consistent results from many observations or experiments
By showing relationships among classes of facts, a scientific theory clarifies our understanding of the natural world
Treatment
6 Characteristics of life
Are composed of cells Grow and develop Regulate their metabolic processes Respond to stimuli Reproduce Adapt to the environment
