2.1-2.3

Question 1

Anion

Answer 1

Negative Ion

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

Structure made of protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up matter

Question 3

Atomic Mass

Answer 3

Number of protons and neutrons added together. The “mass” of the content of the nucleus

Question 4

Atomic Number

Answer 4

Number of Protons

Question 5

Avogadro’s Number

Answer 5

6.02x10^23

The number of units present in one mole of any substance

Question 6

Bohr Model

Answer 6

A diagram depicting electron configurations in concentric circular orbits around nucleus

Question 7

Cation

Answer 7

Positive Ion

Question 8

Chemical Compound

Answer 8

2 or more elements combined in a fixed ratio

Question 9

Covalent Bond

Answer 9

sharing of electrons between atoms in a way that results in each atom having a filled valence shell

Question 10

Electron

Answer 10

A particle that carries a negative unit of charge

Question 11

Electron Shell

Answer 11

Electrons in orbitals with similar energies, said to be at principal energy level, make up an electron shell

Question 12

electronegativity

Answer 12

a measure of an atom’s shared attraction for shared electrons in a chemical bond

Question 13

Element

Answer 13

substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through chemical reaction

Question 14

Ion

Answer 14

an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons

Question 15

Ionic Bond

Answer 15

forms as a consequence of the attraction between the positive charge of a cation and the negative charge of an anion

Question 16

Isotope

Answer 16

each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element.

Question 17

Lewis Dot Structure

Answer 17

A simple way of representing the electrons in the valence shell of an atom is to use dots placed around the chemical symbol of the element

Question 18

Mole

Answer 18

6.02214076 × 1023 of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.

Question 19

Molecular Formula

Answer 19

A molecular formula consists of the chemical symbols for the constituent elements followed by numeric subscripts describing the number of atoms of each element present in the molecule.

Question 20

Molecular Weight

Answer 20

The molecular mass is the mass of a given molecule: it is measured in daltons. Different molecules of the same compound may have different molecular masses because they contain different isotopes of an element.

Question 21

Molecule

Answer 21

a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.

Question 22

Neutron

Answer 22

a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.

Question 23

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

Question 24

Nucleus

Answer 24

the positively charged central core of an atom, consisting of protons and neutrons and containing nearly all its mass.

Question 25

Orbital

Answer 25

region around a nucleus in an atom or molecule that may contain zero, one, or two electrons Electrons arrange themselves in cloudlike regions around the nucleus called orbitals.

Question 26

Periodic Table

Answer 26

a tabular display of the chemical elements. It is widely used in chemistry, physics, and other sciences, and is generally seen as an icon of chemistry

Question 27

Polar Covalent Bond

Question 28

Polar Molecule

Question 29

Product

Answer 29

a substance that is formed as the result of a chemical reaction

Question 30

Reactants

Answer 30

Substances that participate in a reaction

Question 31

Proton

Answer 31

Positively charged subatomic particle

Question 32

Structural Formula

Answer 32

The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure, showing how the atoms are possibly arranged in the real three-dimensional space.

Question 33

Trace Element

Answer 33

trace element, also called micronutrient, in biology, any chemical element required by living organisms in minute amounts

Question 34

Valence Shell

Answer 34

the outermost shell of any atom is called the valence shell and the electrons that reside in the valence shell are called valence electrons