Cervicothoracic Scan Flashcards
AROM - unwillingness to move or splinting
RED FLAG S&S - severe condition
AROM - few, if any, limited and/or painful planes of motion
less severe/acute condition
AROM - multiple limited and/or painful planes of motion
more severe/acute condition
AROM - aberrant motion
joint hyper mobility/instability
AROM - sharp/angulated spinal curve
joint hypomobility
AROM - region specific abnormalities i.e., large crease with neck ext
specific to region i.e., crease indicates hypermobility/instability
AROM - retest (up to 3x): improved P!/function
indicates inhibited m
regional interdependence
disc injury
AROM - retest: worse P!/function
indicates severe/acute condition
capsular vs non capsular pattern of restriction
capsular: firm end feels, loss of motion
non-capsular: any pattern not in capsular pattern
P! occurs in the direction of the same AROM and PROM
non contractile tissue
PROM similarly restricted as AROM in the same direction
joint hypomobility, protective guarding, or a shortened muscle
PROM significantly greater then AROM in the same direction
joint hypermobility/instability
PROM - motion limited similarly in both weight bearing and non-weight bearing positions
indicates joint hypomobility
PROM- motion greater in a non weight bearing position vs a weight bearing position
indicates joint hypermobility/instability
combined motion - consistent block through differing paths to the same point
joint hypomobility
combined motions - inconsistent block through differing paths to the same point
joint hypermobility
combined motions - opposing spinal quadrants blocked
fibrotic joint
resisted testing - strong and painful
mild condition
resisted testing - weak and painful
acute or moderate to severe condition
resisted testing - weak and painless
neurological damage or persistent contractile rupture
resisted testing - same pain occurs in one direction of resisted testing and the opposite direction of PROM
contractile tissue
resisted testing - multiple planes of weakness at one joint
acute or severe injury
resisted testing - symptoms upon release
non-contractile tissue
resisted testing - multiple joints of weakness
UMN condition
resisted testing - weakness throughout ROM
pathology
resisted testing - positioning muscle in lengthened position to pick up mild contractile strain.
strong and only painful in lengthened range
indicates grade I contractile strain
resisted testing - retest: improved P!/function
indicates inhibited m/regional interdependence
resisted testing - retest: fatiguing weakness
indicates decreased nerve conduction
resisted testing - retest: consistent weakness
indicates deconditioned/persistent contractile rupture
resisted testing - retest: worse pain/function
indicates severe/acute condition
stress test - rapid shallow force: P!, click, clunk, spasm; late, soft or empty end feel
P! indicates an acute condition
the rest indicates joint hypermobility/instability
stress test - slower, larger, and deeper hold for 10 sec.: P!, click, clunk, spasm; late, soft or empty end feel
P! indicates a persistent condition
the rest indicates hypermobility/instability
Stress test - distraction increases pain, compression relieves pain
indicates capsule, ligament or annulus
stress test - distraction relieves pain, compression increases pain
indicates cartilage, nucleus pulposus, bone or spinal nerve
stress test - both compression and distraction are painful
indicates acute condition
stress test - if posterior/anterior pressures painful in the spine
pain indicates the level of a condition
dermatomes - diminished or absent light/sharp touch
hyposensitivity –> LMN condition
grades 0-1 = LMN
dermatomes - if light/sharp touch assess normal, then __
use pinwheel to assess for hypersensitivity
grade 3 = hypersensitivity –> UMN condition
describe radiculopathy vs cutaneous nerve
radiculopathy = pinched nerve
cutaneous nerve = numbness
deep tendon reflexes - absent reflex
0 = LMN condition
DTR - hyporeflexive
1+ = LMN condition
DTR - large arc but normal dampening
3+ = UMN condition or nociplastic P!
DTR - >3 beats
4+ = clonus; UMN condition
myotomes - what would be an abnormal finding?
fatiguing weakness - LMN or UMN condition indicated
dural mobility - symptoms increased from both ends
tension restriction (inelasticity)
dural mobility - symptoms increased from one end but relieved from the other
gliding restriction (adhesion)
pathological reflexes - abnormal finding
specific to individual reflex - indicates UMN condition
