CERVICAL CYTOLOGY AND COLPOSCOPY

Question 1

Gross Anatomy of the cervix

The cervix is the _____ part of the _______

It is _______ or _______ in shape

Answer 1

lower

uterus

cylindrical or conical

Question 2

Gross Anatomy of the Cervix

It measures _____cm in length and ______cm in diameter

Answer 2

3-4

3.4-3.5

Question 3

Cervix varies in size and shape depending on ______,________, and _____________ of the woman

Answer 3

age, parity and hormonal status

Question 4

The lower part of the cervix is called ___________ and protrudes into the vagina

The upper part half called ________ portion and remains above the vagina

Answer 4

portio-vaginalis

supravaginal

Question 5

The cervix opens into the vagina through the __________________

Answer 5

external os

Question 6

The supavaginal portion meets the body the body of the uterus at the ________________.

Answer 6

internal os

Question 7

In the parous women the cervix is ________ and the external os appears as a ______,_______,__________ _______

In the nulliparous women the external resembles a _____,________, (_________) opening

Answer 7

bulky; wide, gaping, transverse slit

small circular (pinhole)

Question 8

Microscopic anatomy of the cervix

The cervix is covered by two types of epithelium:
___________ epithelium
______________ epithelium

The 2 types of epithelium meet at the __________ junction

Answer 8

Stratified squamous

Columnar

squamocolumnar

Question 9

A large area of the ecto cervix is covered by the _______________, ________ containing _________ epithelium.

Answer 9

stratified non-keratinizing

glycogen

squamous

Question 10

Squamous epithelium

It is opaque, has multiple (15-20) layers of cells and appears ____ in colour on visual examination.
The intermediate and superficial layer cells contain abundant _________ in their cytoplasm

Answer 10

pink; glycogen

Question 11

Squamous Epithelium

Since ________ readily stains glycogen, application of __________ on the squamous epithelium will result in ___________ or__________ colouration.

Answer 11

iodine; Lugol’s iodine

Mahogany brown or black

Question 12

In post menopausal women the squamous epithelium of the cervix is ______, does not —————— . It looks ______ and brittle and does not ___________

Answer 12

thin; contain glycogen

pale
stain iodine

Question 13

Columnar Epithelium

The _________ is lined with columnar epithelium- ________ layer of tall columnar cells

Answer 13

endocervical canal; single

Question 14

Columnar epithelium of the cervix

On visual examination it appears as a ______ , strikingly _______ area because the thin single layer allows the colouration of the underlying stromal(with blood vessels) to be seen more easily.

Answer 14

grainy; reddish

Question 15

The _____________ cells secrete mucus that lubricates cervix and vagina

Answer 15

columnar

Question 16

Columnar epithelium of the cervix produces glycogen

T/F?

Answer 16

F

Columnar epithelium does not produce glycogen

So it does not produce colour change after application of iodine

Question 17

Cytology

______________ from the cervix

Cells are taken from the _______________

Answer 17

Exfoliated cell

transformation zone

Question 18

The transformation zone is that part of the cervix where __________________________

A good smear should contain all the cells in the transformation zone- ________,________, and __________

Answer 18

columnar cells are undergoing squamous metaplasia .

metaplasia, columnar cells and squamous cells

Question 19

How to take a Pap smear

Patient in ________ position
______ slide labelled –name, hospital no and date
Fixative absolute alcohol-___% alcohol
Take all these to patients couch
Pass a ___________ to expose the cervix

Insert end of ________ into external os os and take a smear from the _____________

Answer 19

dorsal; Frosted

90; Cuscos speculum

Aryes spatula

transformation- zone

Question 20

The colposcope is typically defined as a __________ _____nocular field microscope with a _______ focal length and powerful light source

Answer 20

stereoscopic binocular

long

Question 21

Colposcopy is indicated whenever a ________ examination of cervical _________ and __________ character are needed

Answer 21

magnified; topography

epithelial

Question 22

Common indications of Colposcopy include:

__________ or __________ abnormality of the cervix
Abnormal cervical _________
________ screening test for cervical neoplasia such as VIA and VILI

Answer 22

Grossly visible or palpable

cytology

Positive

Question 23

Cervical cytology alone gives you the diagnosis of precancer of the cervix
T/F

Answer 23

F

Cervical cytology alone does not give you the diagnosis of precancer of the cervix

Question 24

Diagnosis of the precancer of the cervix is made _____________

Answer 24

histologically

Question 25

___________ is done after abnormal cytology report is obtained

Answer 25

Colposcopy

Question 26

Precancer is diagnosed following _________ examination of a _________ directed _______ specimen of the cervix.

Answer 26

histological

colposcopically

biopsy