Certificates And Documents Flashcards
What privileges apply to a commercial pilot?
May act as PIC of aircraft…
Carrying persons/property for compensation/hire
For compensation/hire
*must be qualified and comply with regs for operation being conducted ie 91, 135, 121
Considerations for commercial pilot jobs…
You can not act as a commercial operator.
If you are totally by yourself, you could be considered a commercial operator and therefore subject to different regs
Acceptable single pilot commercial operations listed in 14CFR 119.1
Define commercial operator
A person for compensation/hire engages in carriage by aircraft in air commerce of persons/property other than as an air carrier or foreign air carrier.
“Compensation for hire” test
Merely incidental or major enterprise for profit
Define common carriage and four elements
Carriage of pax/cargo as a result of advertising
- a holding out or willingness to
- transport persons/property
- from place to place
- for compensation
Define “holding out”
Offering to the public the carriage of persons and property for hire either intrastate or interstate
- signs
- agencies
- physically/verbally
- specifically
Define “private carriage”
Private carriage for one or several selected customers, generally on a long term basis.
Describe 14CFR
119, 121, 125, 135, 137
119-certification:air carriers and commercial operators
121-operating requirements:domestic, flag, and supplemental
125-certification and operations: airplanes having seating capacity of 20 or more pax or max payload cap of 6,000lbs or more
135-operating requirements: commuter and on demand
137-agricultural aircraft operations
Limit for CPL with no instrument rating.
Can only carry pax for hire within 50NM
Cannot carry pax for hire at night
To act as PIC what must you have physically in your possession or readily accessible in the aircraft?
Pilot certificate
Photo ID
Medical certificate (exceptions 61.3)
Procedure for lost or destroyed certificate
Application for replacement made by letter to DOT and FAA and obtain facsimile from FAA which can be used to 60 days
Reqs to be PIC of high performance aircraft (+200 horse power)
Received and logged ground and flight training from authorized instructor
Been found proficient in operations and systems of the airplane
Received one time endorsement in logbook from said instructor
What makes an airplane “complex”?
Retractable lands gear, flaps, controllable pitch prop
Requirements to be PIC of a pressurized aircraft and definition
Aircraft that has service ceiling or max operating altitude, which ever is lower, above 25,000 ft MSL
Received and logged ground and flight training from authorized instructor
Received endorsement
When would a commercial pilot be required to hold a type rating?
Large aircraft (gross over 12,500 except lighter than air)
Turbo jet powered airplanes
Other aircraft specified by administrator
In certification, privileges, and limitations of airmen, define category, class, and type
Category- broad: airplane, rotocraft, glider
Class- within a category having similar operating characteristics ie single engine land, multi engine land
Type-specific make and model
When may a commercial pilot log time as second in command?
14 CFR 61.51
During which that person is qualified and occupies a crew member station in an aircraft that requires more than one pilot by the aircrafts type certificate.
Or
Holds appropriate category, class, and instrument rating (if required) for aircraft and more than one pilot is required under the type certification OR the regulations under which the flight is being conducted.
When can you begin logging “night” flight time?
“Night” is the time between end of evening civil twilight and beginning morning civil twilight as published in Air Almanac.
Requirements to remain current as a commercial pilot?
Flight review every 24 months
To carry pax… in preceding 90 days… -3 takeoffs/landings as sole manipulator
*if tailwheel, full stop
*if night, full stop and same cat/class/type
What medical required to exercise commercial pilot privileges?
2nd
Duration of 2nd class medical?
End of last day of 12th month after the month of the date of examination
How can a pilot determine if the aircraft is equipped with Mode C transponder?
Reference current weight and balance equipment list
Define normal and utility category found on airworthiness certificate
Normal-capable of withstanding load factor of 3.8Gs without structural failure (non aerobatic)
Utility-capable of withstanding 4.4Gs. Limited aerobatics including spins if approved
Are airplane flights manuals required to be on board all aircraft?
91.9 all US registered aircraft required to have available on board a current, approved AFM, or combination of approved manuals, markings, and placards.
What is a special flight permit, when necessary, how do you get it?
Authorization issued for an aircraft that may not currently meet airworthiness requirements but is safe for a specific flight.
- flight to maintenance base
- delivering/exporting
- flight testing
- evacuating
- customer demonstrations
- overweight aircraft
Obtain at FSDO or DAR
Day VFR equipment
Altimeter
Tachometer Oil pressure gauge Manifold pressure gauge Airspeed Indicator Temperature gauge Oil temp gauge
Fuel gauge Landing gear position indicator Anti collision lights Magnetic compass ELT Safety belt/harness
VFR night equipment
All day equipment plus... Fuses Landing lights Anti collision lights Position lights Source of energy (battery)
After inspections are made and defects repaired, who is responsible for determining airworthiness?
The pilot in command
Can you fly with inoperative equipment?
All equipment installed in compliance with airworthiness standards or operating rules must be operative unless….
Minimum equipment list, if none... Reference 91.213 VFR day reqs Kind of operation equipment list 91.205 Airworthiness directive
What must happen if an AMT removes or installs equipment that’s on the equipment list?
They must change the weight and balance record and revise the equipment list
What length of time can an aircraft be flown with inop equipment?
Can be deferred until the next inspection. If owner does not want it repaired, maintenance person must check that it conforms to 91.213 and that the item is placarded appropriately
What regs apply to operation of aircraft that has had alterations/repairs which may have substantially affected its operation in flight?
May not operate or carry pax until appropriately rated pilot with st least PVT certificate…
Flies it
Checks maintenance/alterations
Logs flight in aircraft records
How long is airworthiness valid?
As long as Maintanence, preventative maintenance, and alterations are performed in accordance with parts 43 and 91 and registered in US
Required maintenance inspections
Annual - 12 calendar months Airworthiness directives VOR - 30 days 100 hour (if for hire or instruction) Altimeter/static systems - 24 months Transponder - 24 months ELT- 12 months, 1 cumulative hr, 50%batt
If aircraft for hire needs 100 hr, under what conditions can it operate beyond 100?
Not more than 10 hrs while enroute to a place where inspection can be done. Time used must be included when computing next 100 hours
Define preventative maintenance
Simple preservation operations and replacement of small standard parts not involving complex assembly operations. 14 CFR part 43
Excludes student, sport, recreational pilots
Airworthiness directive
Medium used by FAA to notify owners of unsafe conditions that may exist. Emergent or less emergent with time frame. Compliance mandatory.
What is the title of part 91
General operating flight rules
Title of part 61
Certification of pilots and flight instructors
91.3
PIC is directly responsible for, and is the first authority as to the operation of the aircraft
In an inflight emergency requiring immediate action, PIC may deviate from any rule of this part to the extent necessary to meet the emergency
Each PIC who deviates from a rule (b) of this section shall, upon request, send a written report of that deviation to the administrator
91.103
Preflight action
W- weather reports/forecast K- known ATC delays R- runway lengths of intended use A- Alternatives F- Fuel requirements T- takeoff/landing data
91.205
Required Equipment
Airspeed indicator
Tachometer Oil pressure gauge Manifold pressure gauge Anti collision lights Temperature gauge Oil temperature gauge
Fuel gauge Landing gear pos indicator Altimeter Magnetic compass ELT Seat belt
91.213
Inop instruments and equipment
Is the equipment required by MEL or KOEL? No….
Is it required by 91.205? No…
Is it required by an AD? No…
Equipment must then be removed or deactivated and placards and that MX recorded in accordance with part 43
PIC makes final go/no go decision
Answering Yes to any of the above questions means the aircraft is NOT airworthy and can not be flown.
Medical certificate durations
1st - under 40 ATP - 12 mo
- 40+ ATP - 6 mo - CPL any age - 12 mo - under 40 pvt/CFI - 60 mo - 40+ pvt/CFI - 24 mo
2nd - ATP any age - 12 mo
- under 40 pvt/CFI - 60 mo
- 40+ pvt/CFI - 24 mo
3rd - under 40 pvt/CFI - 60 mo
- 40+ pvt/CFI - 24 mo
What’s the difference between an SB and an AD?
Service Bulletin issued by manufacturers. Basically like a recall.
Airworthiness Directive is mandatory by FAA Recurring or one time fix
