Cerebral Vasculature and Cerebrovascular Disorders Flashcards
Describe the blood supply to the brain
- Vertebral artery
2. (Common Carotid -> ) Internal Carotid artery
Describe the venous drainage of the brain
Cerebral veins -> venous sinuses in the dura mater -> internal jugular vein
What are the types of haemorrhage?
- Extradural
- Subdural
- Subarachnoid
- Intracerebral
What haemorrhage is trauma, immediate clinical effects (arterial, high pressure)?
Extradural
What is an extradural haemorrhage?
Trauma, immediate clinical effects (arterial,
high pressure)
What haemorrhage is trauma, can be delayed clinical effects (venous, lower pressure)?
Subdural
What is a subdural haemorrhage?
Trauma, can be delayed clinical effects
venous, lower pressure
What haemorrhage is ruptured aneurysms?
Subarachnoid
What is a subarachnoid haemorrhage?
Ruptured aneurysms
What haemorrhage is spontaneous hypertensive?
Intracerebral
What is an intracerebral haemorrhage?
Spontaneous hypertensive
Which haemorrhages are from trauma?
- Extradural
2. Subdural
Which haemorrhage has immediate clinical effetcs?
Extradural
Which haemorrhage can be delayed clinical effects?
Subdural
What is the name for a stroke?
CVA - Cerebrovascular Accident
What is a CVA - Cerebrovascular Accident?
A stroke
What is the definition of a stroke?
Rapidly developing focal disturbance of brain function of presumed vascular origin and of >24 hours duration
What are the two causes of a stroke?
- Thrombo-embolic
2. Haemorrhage
What is the most common cause of a stroke?
Thrombo-embolic (85%)
If a stroke is rapid onset, what is the likely origin?
Vascular
What is a TIA - transient ischaemia attack?
Rapidly developing focal disturbance of brain function of presumed vascular origin that resolves completely within 24 hours
What is the different in a CVA and TIA?
CVA - >24hrs duration
TIA - resolves completely within 24hrs
What is an infarction?
Degenerative changes which occur in tissue following occlusion of an artery
What is a cerebral ischaemia?
Lack of sufficient blood supply to nervous tissue resulting in permanent damage if blood flow if not restored quickly