Cerebral Hemisphere

Question 1

Left hemisphere vs. Right hemisphere specializations

Answer 1

Left(dominant): superior with language processing, speech, calculation, verbal memory

Right (nondominant):Better with processing and regulating pragmatic skills and visual and spatial concepts

Question 2

What are the different regions of the frontal lobe and their functions?

Answer 2

Primary motor cortex (Area 4)
Contralateral sensorimotor organization .

Premotor cortex (Area 6)–complex, skilled motor control.

Prefrontal cortex (Area 10-12)-cognitive brain.
Personality, reasoning, thinking, executive decision
Superior, middle, inferior gyrus

Anterior language cortex (Area 44)– Broca’s area. IMportant for spoken language.

Question 3

What is the operculum?

Answer 3

covering where we have the frontal, partietal, and temperal lobes meeting

Question 4

What are the different regions of the parietal lobe and their functions?

Answer 4

Primary sensory cortex (Area 3,1,2)–post central gyrus

somatosensory association cortex

Superior parietal lobule (smaller subsection of the parietal lobe)
Sensory integration, visual-spatial and construction tasks, aspects of memory. Regocnition and expression of emotion

Inferior parietal lobule (language [dominant], body schema, & spatial orientation [nondominant])

Angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus
Responsible for language

Question 5

What are the different regions of the occipital lobe and their functions?

Answer 5

Primary Visual Cortex ( Area 17)
Visual perception

Secondary (association) Visual Cortex (Area 18)
visual recognition

Question 6

What are the different regions of the temperal lobe and their functions?

Answer 6

Superior, Middle, & Inferior Gyri

-Primary auditory cortex 
Heschl gyri (Area 41, 42)

-Association language cortex (Area 22)
Comprehension of spoken language

Hippocampus- verbal/nonverbal memory
Audition, memory & olfaction

Question 7

What are some effects we would expect to see of damage to the temporal lobe?

Answer 7

• Deficit in auditory perceptual and discriminative skills
• Wernicke’s Aphasia (dominant temporal lobe)
• Disorders of nonverbal memory
• Music (right temporal lobe)
• Prone to seizures

Question 8

What are some effects we would expect to see of damage to the occipital lobe?

Answer 8

Primary visual cortex
-Blindness (homonomous hemianopsia)–person sees one half of the visual field of each eye
Association visual cortex
-What and where
Visual and color agnosia (bilateral lesions)
Alexia

Question 9

What are some effects we would expect to see of damage to the parietal lobe?

Answer 9

• Contralateral sensory loss
• Perceptual/conceptual disorders of tactile (touch) recognition
• Impaired constructional (drawing/designing) skills
• Impaired spatial orientation
• Visual spatial memory loss
• Tactile agnosia
• Astereognosis-full contralateral neglect

Question 10

What are some effects we would expect to see of damage to the frontal lobe?

Answer 10

Prefrontal lobe
-Difficulty with planning, problem solving, thinking, reasoning and performing executive functions
Orbital prefrontal
-Personality disorders, emotional disintegration & impulsive social behaviors
Medial prefrontal region
-Attention, motivation and responsiveness