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Spot Test > Cerebral Cortex Organisation > Flashcards

Cerebral Cortex Organisation Flashcards

1
Q

Which lobes does the central sulcus divide?

A

Frontal from Parietal

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2
Q

Which lobes does the lateral sulcus divide?

A

Frontal and Parietal from Temporal

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3
Q

What are the two frontal sulci?

A

Superior Frontal Sulci Inferior Frontal Sulci

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4
Q

Which gyri do the frontal sulci separate?

A

Superior Frontal Gyrus Middle Frontal Gyrus Inferior Frontal Gyrus

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5
Q

What are the two temporal sulci?

A

Superior Temporal Sulci Inferior Temporal Sulci

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6
Q

Which gyri do the temporal sulci separate?

A

Superior Temporal Gyrus Middle Temporal Gyrus Inferior Temporal Gyrus

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7
Q

Which gyrus does the collateral sulcus run along side?

A

Parahippocampal gyrus

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8
Q

Which lobe does the calcarine sulcus divide?

A

Occipital lobe

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9
Q

Which sulcus separates the parietal and occipital lobes?

A

Parieto- Occipital Sulcus

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10
Q

Structures in the brain that are C-Shaped?

A

Ventricular system Caudate nucleus Cingulate Gyrus Hippocampus/ Fornix

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11
Q

What are Brodmann Areas an example of and how many are there?

A

Cortical localisation- specific areas of Cerebral cortex carry out specific functions 46 Brodmann areas

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12
Q

Where does the cingulate gyrus run?

A

Along the outside of the corpus callosum Sweeps round to join the Parahippocampal Gyrus

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13
Q

Where is the Cingulate Gyrus continuous with the Parahippocampal Gyrus?

A

Isthmus

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14
Q

Which lobe does the Cingulate Gyrus form?

A

Limbic Lobe (may also include the Parahippocampal gyrus and other smaller lobes)

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15
Q

Which sulcus marks the Limbic Lobe?

A

Cingulate Sulcus

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16
Q

Where is the Isthmus located?

A

Posterior to the Splenium of the Corpus Callosum

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17
Q

What type of fibres run in the Cingulate Gyrus and what is their function?

A

Association fibres Take information from all lobes and pass them to the hippocampus- associates actions with memory

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18
Q

Where is the hippocampus located?

A

Temporal lobe

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19
Q

What is the function of the Hippocampus?

A

Associates memories with previous actions and experiences

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20
Q

Which conditions are associated with the Hippocampus/Limbic System?

A

Schizophrenia Depression

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21
Q

What is the function of the Primary Projection Sensory areas?

A

Sensory pathways terminate here

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22
Q

Where is the Primary Somaesthetic Cortex located?

A

Post-Central Gyrus

23
Q

Where is the Primary Visual Cortex located?

A

Either side of Calcarine sulcus

24
Q

Another name for Primary Visual Cortex?

A

Striate Cortex

25
Q

Location of Primary Auditory Cortex

A

Superior Temporal Gyri (Heschl’s Gyrus)

26
Q

Location of Primary Olfactory Cortex

A

Uncus of parahippocampal gyrus

27
Q

What is special about the olfactory cortex?

A

Receives information directly- only sense not to transmit via the Thalamus

28
Q

Location of Primary Gustatory Cortex

A

Inferior Post Central Gyrus (behind Primary Somaesthetic)

29
Q

Function of Primary Projection Motor cortex

A

Area of origin for specific motor pathways

30
Q

Location of Primary Motor Cortex

A

Pre Central Gyrus

31
Q

Features of the Cortical Homonculus

A

Somatotopically organised Some areas receive more neurons than others

32
Q

Function of Association /Secondary Sensory areas

A

Receive their input from the primary sensory area Involved in Interpretation and understanding of the information

33
Q

What is Agnosia?

A

Damage to the Sensory Associaion areas

34
Q

Features of agnosia?

A

Sensation exists, but with no significance

35
Q

Location of Association Somaesthetic Cortex?

A

Superior Parietal lobe

36
Q

Location of Visual Association cortex

A

Pre Striate Area (beside each primary area)

37
Q

Location of Auditory Association Area

A

Lateral Fissure/Superior Temporal Lobe

38
Q

Which two senses do not have an association area?

A

Olfactory Gustatory

39
Q

Function of Motor Association/Secondary Areas?

A

Organise patterns of movement by outputting to primary motor areas

40
Q

Location of Pre-motor area

A

LATERALLY Anterior to Pre-Central Gyrus

41
Q

Location of Supplementary Motor Area

A

MEDIALLY Anterior to Pre-Central Gyrus

42
Q

Location of Frontal Eye Field

A

Anterior to Pre-Motor Area

43
Q

What is Apraxia?

A

Damage to Motor Association Areas

44
Q

Features of Apraxia?

A

Inability to carry out learned, organised movements

45
Q

Function of General Association Cortices?

A

Linking and integrating complex aspects of intellectual functioning

46
Q

Two general association cortices?

A

Parieto-Temporal Cortex Pre-Frontal Cortex

47
Q

Function of Parieto-Temporal Cortex?

A

Memory Integration of different information modalities

48
Q

Function of Pre-Frontal Cortex?

A

Regulation of moods, feelings decisions Higher order cognitive function (planing, judgement, conceptualisation) Sweeps round the sensory, visual, auditory areas to gather this info

49
Q

Features of the dominant hemisphere?

A

Distinct Higher Order Functions 2 Specialist language areas

50
Q

Function of Broca’s (ANTERIOR) Area

A

Speech Production (Motor, expressive)

51
Q

Damage to Broca’s Area

A

Expressive Aphasia Inability to correctly articulate speech

52
Q

Function of Wernicke’s (POSTERIOR) Area

A

Speech Understanding (Sensory, receptive)

53
Q

What is the Non-Dominant Hemisphere concerned with?

A

Spatial Awareness

54
Q

What is special about the auditory association area?

A

Its specialised in one hemisphere for linguistic function

Spot Test (16 decks)

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