Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharm Exam 3 > Cephalosporins > Flashcards

Cephalosporins Flashcards

1
Q

What generation is
cefazolin
cephalexin

A

1st gen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what generation is
cefuroxime
cefotetan

A

2nd gen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What generation is
ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
Cefotaxime
Ceftazidime

A

3rd gen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what generation is

cefepime

A

4th generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what generation is
ceftolozane/Tazobactam
ceftaroline

A

5th generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 2 main uses for a 1st gen cephalosporin?
Cefazolin
Cephalexin

A

good coverage for skin infections

Also this covers E.coli so good coverage for a uncomplicated UTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the 2nd gen cephalosporins provide good coverage for

cefuroxime
cefotetan

A

intra-abdominal infections due to the anaerobic coverage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the 3rd generation cephalosporin provide good coverage for

ceftriaxone
cefotaxime
ceftazidime

A

lung infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What cephalosporin would you use for community acquired pneumonia for someone who is not in a nursing home?

A

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the 4th generation cephalosporin provide good coverage for
cefepime

A

Serious infections

This generation provides the gram positive coverage strength of the 1st gen plus the gram neg strength of the 3rd generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what generation of cephalosporins provides anaerobic coverage

A

2nd gen

5th gen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what cephalosporin antibiotics cover pseudomonas

A

Ceftazidime (3rd gen)
Cefepime (4th gen)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam - 5th gen and most potent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is pseudomonas most commonly found?

who is highest risk

A

nursing homes

immune comprimised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what generation is destroyed by B lactamases

A

1st generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

As you progress from 1st gen to 5th, what changes

A

1) increasing activity against gram neg bacteria and anaerobes
2) increasing resistance to destruction by b lactamases
3) increase ability to reach CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what generations have access to CSF

A

3rd-5th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

almost all cephalosporins are eliminated by _____ except _______

A

kidneys

ceftriaxone - liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what cephalosporins can produce a disulfiram effect

A

Cefazolin

cefotetan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what cephalosporins can promote bleeding and should be avoided with anticoagulants, thrombolytics, NSAIDS, other antiplatelet agents

A

Cefotetan
Cefazolin
Ceftriaxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

is cephalosporin bactericidal or bacteriostatic

A

bacteriocidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what gen is used in pt with mild pcn allergy and surgical prophylaxis

A

first gen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what gen is used to treat otitis, sinusitis, resp tract infections

A

2ng gen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what gen is used to treat meningitis

A

3rd gen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what gen is used to treat hospital acquired pneumonia and complicated intra-abdominal and UTI

A

4th gen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what gen is used to treat MRSA associated infections
5th gen
26
what gen covers staph or strep
1st gen
27
what gen covers H. influenzae, Klebsiella, pneumococci, staph
2nd gen
28
what gen covers pseudomonas aeruginosa, neisseria gonorrhoeae and Klebsiela, serratia
3rd gen
29
what gen covers psudomonas aeruginosa
4th gen
30
what gen covers MRSA
5th gen
31
cephalosporins are contraindicated in pt
with history of severe allergy to PCN
32
All cephalosporins can promote ______, what should be monitored
C. diff | report increase in stool frequency
33
what are the 1st gen cephalosporins
cefadroxil cefazolin cephalexin
34
2nd gen cephalosporins
``` cefaclor cefotetan cefoxitin cefprozil cefuroxime ```
35
3rd gen cephalosporin
``` cefdinir cefditoren cefixime cefotaxime cefpodoxime ceftazidime ceftibuten ceftriaxone ```
36
4th gen cephalosporin
cefepime | ceftolozane
37
5th gen cephalosporin
ceftaroline
38
what gen is cefdinir
3rd gen cephalosporin
39
what gen is cefixime
3rd gen cephalosporin
40
what gen is cefotaxime
3rd gen cephalosporin
41
what gen is ceftriaxone
3rd gen cephalosporin
42
what do you treat C-diff with
oral Vancomycin | stop other abx
43
What type of bugs does Vancomycin treat
only gram positive esp active against S aureus and Staph epidermidis including strains for both that are Methicillin resistant other is strep, penicillin resistant pneumococci and c.diff
44
major adverse effect of vanc
renal tox
45
drug interaction with vanc
nephrotoxic drugs can increase risk of renal tox ->aminoglycosides, cyclosporine, NSAIDS)
46
lab sign of kidney damage secondary to vanc
Serum creatinine increased by 50%
47
Pt severe allergy to PCN, what do you give for c-diff
oral vancomycin - no b lactam ring
48
c diff can lead to
``` toxic megacolon pseudomembranous colitis colon perforation sepsis death ```
49
alternate abx for c diff
flagyl
50
what cephalosporins are responsible for promoting C-diff
second and third gen cephalosporins such as cipro and levaquin
51
how is c-diff defined
3 or more unformed stools in 24 hours plus a positive stool test for c-diff
52
what increases risk for c diff
gI surgery serious illness prolonged hospitalization immunosuppression
53
what antibiotic do you use in c.diff with leukocytosis with WBC of 15,000 or higher plus hypotension/shock, ileus or megacolon
add in Metronidazole (flagyl) with vancomycin
54
what drug is reserved for treating vancomycin resistant infections? also an alternative to zyvox, daptomycin, tygacil. what class?
Telavancin lipoglycoproteins - active against gram positive bacteria inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis and disrupts membrane function
55
adverse effects of Telavancin
``` taste disturbance n/v foamy urine Red mans prolong QT nephrotoxic ```
56
who cannot have Televanciin
history of QT | GFR less than 50
57
``` flushing rash pruritis urticaria tachycardia hypotension ```
Red mans syndrome
58
drug drug interaction televancin
NSAIDS ACE inhibitors aminoglycosides (nephrotoxic)
59
abx in monobactams
Aztreonam (single b lactam ring) | resistant to B lactamases
60
Aztreonam is only active against
gram negative aerobic bacteria
61
adverse effect Aztreonam
pain and thrombophlebitis at site of injection
62
single dose therapy in women with uncomplicated UTI
Fosfomycin
63
adverse effects Fosfomycin
``` diarrhea headache vaginitis nausea abd pain rhinitis drowsiness dizziness rash ```

Pharm Exam 3 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions