cellular respiration Flashcards
overall summary/goal of cellular respiration
all electrons on membrane are electrically charged
hydrogen ions are now attracted which pulls ions across membrane
ATP synthaze function
synthesizes ATP in the trans membrane proteins
how is free energy able to synthesize ATP
hydrogen ion gradient
what are humans
batteries!
why do we eat food
for the electrons and hydrogen ions
used to make ATP with hydrogen ion gradient
how cells make ATP from food
using electrons
oxidizing organic molecules from food
what kind of reactions is cellular respiration made up of
redox reactions
the loss of electrons is called
oxidation
the gain of electrons is called
reduction
what is true about oxidation and reductions reactions
they always happen hand-in-hand
the electron donor is known as
the reducing agent
the electron acceptor is known as
the oxidation agent
what is oxygen inhaled turned into
water
what are good sources of food
organic molecules with an abundance of hydrogen
why aren’t we on fire
cellular respiration occurs in many small steps where energy is released a little bit at a time
where are electrons ripped from organic molecules stored
in NAD
examples of NAD+
adenine, dinucleotide, nicotinamide
NADH function
carries electrons to the electron transport chain creating H+ gradient, creating ATP
Stages of CR
glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
what stage of cr produces the most energy
oxidative phosphorylation
function of glycolysis and citric acid cycle
to capture electrons from food
when does substrate level phosphorylation occur
when an enzyme transfers a phosphate
purpose of glycolysis
to turn glucose into Acetyl CoA, which transforms glucose into 2 pyruvate molecules (3 carboxylic acid)
where does glycolysis occur
in the cytoplasm
