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Bio110 > Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Cellular Respiration Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three forms of energy?

A
  1. Potential Energy
  2. Kinetic Energy
  3. Chemical Energy
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2
Q

What is potential energy?

A

Stored energy in molecules especially in chemical bonds.

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3
Q

What is Kinetic Energy?

A

-Energy of motion

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4
Q

What is Chemical Energy?

A

A type of potential energy due to the arrangement of atoms

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5
Q

What is Thermodynamics?

A

The study of energy and energy transformations.

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6
Q

What are the two laws of Thermodynamics?

A

-First Law- Energy can be transformed between forms but cannot be created or destroyed
- Second Law- All energy transformations increase the entropy of the universe

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7
Q

What is Entropy?

A

Entropy- The measure of disorder in a system

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8
Q

What is an Exergonic Reaction?

A

Release of free energy; the product contains more energy than the reactant.

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9
Q

What is a key example of an exergonic reaction?

A

Cellular respiration because it produces heat.

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10
Q

What is a Endergonic Reaction?

A

stores free energy

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11
Q

what is an example of an endergonic reaction?

A

photosynthesis because solar energy is being pushed into the cell

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12
Q

What is energy coupling?

A

The use of small exergonic reactions to drive endergonic reaction by using ATP

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13
Q

what does ATP stand for?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

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14
Q

What three responsibilities do ATP have?

A

-Mechanical work
-Transport work
- Chemical Work

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15
Q

If a terminal Phosphate group is removed from the adenosine Triphosphate, what is left behind?

A

Pi- inorganic Phosphate
ADP- Adenosine diphosphate

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16
Q

ATP is continuously regenerating through what process?

A

Phosphorylation

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17
Q

what is Phosphorylation?

A

-The process in which ATP is continuously being getting regenerated
-Addition of a phosphate group to a molecule

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18
Q

What is Cellular Respiration?

A

process of Converting the chemical potential energy into from macromolecules

19
Q

What are the two ways ATP is produced?

A

Fermentation(anaerobic Pathways)
Cellular Respiration (aerobic pathway)

20
Q

Explain fermentation

A

-The partial oxidation of molecules without oxygen
-produces limited amounts of ATP

21
Q

What are 2 byproducts of fermentation?

A

-Alcohol
- Lactic Acid

22
Q

Explain Cellular respiration

A
  • Complete oxidation of Molecules in the presence of oxygen
  • Produces lots of ATP
23
Q

What are 2 byproducts of cellular Respiration?

A
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2)
  • Water (H2O)
24
Q

What is the formula of cellular Respiration?

A

C6H12O6+6O2–> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP+HEAT

25
Q

What is a redox reaction?

A

Where electrons are transferred from one atom or ion to another

26
Q

What is Oxidation?

A

Loss of electrons

27
Q

What is reduction?

A

Addition of electrons

28
Q

What is an example of an oxidized molecule ?

A

NAD+ or FAD

29
Q

What are the two forms of redox reaction?

A

Oxidation and Reduction

29
Q

What is an example a reduced molecule ?

A

NADH or FADH2

30
Q

What are the three steps of aerobic Cellular Respiration?

A
  • Glycolysis
    -The Citric Acid/ Karen cycle
    -The electron transport chain
30
Q

What molecule loses electrons during cellular respiration

A

glucose

30
Q

What are the electrons from glucose being used for?

A

They’re used as potential energy to convert ADP into ATP

31
Q

What is happening in glycolysis?

A

Glucose molecules split into two pieces called pyruvate

31
Q

where does glycolysis occur?

A

Cytoplasm

32
Q

what type of process is glycolysis?

A

Anaerobic( does not need oxygen)

33
Q

What does anaerobic mean?

A

Does not need oxygen

34
Q

What does aerobic mean?

A

Needs Oxygen

35
Q

What is the first step of glycolysis?

A

Energy Investment phase

36
Q

What occurs in the energy investment phase?

A

glucose is phosphorylated

37
Q

what is phosphorylation?

A

A phosphate group is added to a molecule

38
Q

What is the second step in glycolysis?

A

Cleavage Phase

39
Q
A

Bio110 (8 decks)

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