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Biology H > Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

autotroph

A

organism capable of converting sunlight -> a form of stored chemical energy

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2
Q

heterotroph

A

can only convert between different forms of chemical energy

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3
Q

aerobic cell respiration

A

breakdown of glucose utilizing oxygen as a reactant

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4
Q

anaerobic cell respiration

A

breakdown of glucose without the use of oxygen

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5
Q

aerobes

A

any organism that utilizes aerobic cell respiration

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6
Q

anaerobes

A

any organism that uses an anaerobic pathway of cell respiration

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7
Q

oxidation

A

loss of electrons

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8
Q

reduction

A

gain of electrons

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9
Q

glycolysis turns 1 glucose into

A

2 pyruvic acid

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10
Q

glycolysis turns 2 ATP into

A

2 ADP

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11
Q

glycolysis turns 2 NAD into

A

2 NADH

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12
Q

glycolysis turns 4 ADP into

A

4 ATP (for a net gain of 2 ATP)

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13
Q

where does glycolysis happen?

A

in the cytoplasm

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14
Q

NAD vs NADP

A

NAD is used in cell respiration while NADP is used for photosynthesis

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15
Q

where does the conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA happen?

A

matrix

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16
Q

pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA turns 2 NAD into

A

2 NADH

17
Q

2 pyruvate turns into

A

2 Acetyl-CoA

18
Q

2 CO2 is produced during the conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA

A

yeah…

19
Q

the Kreb’s Cycle turns 2 Acetyl-CoA into

A

4 CO2

20
Q

the Kreb’s Cycle turns 6 NAD into

A

6 NADH

21
Q

the Kreb’s Cycle turns 2 FAD into

A

2 FADH2

22
Q

the Kreb’s Cycle turns 2 ADP into

A

2 ATP

23
Q

where does the Kreb’s Cycle occur in the mitochondria?

A

matrix

24
Q

where is the ETC located in cell respiration?

A

inner membrane

25
Q

chemeosmosis

A

movement of H+ ions across a selectively permeable membrane. uses active transport

26
Q

in cell respiration’s chemeosmosis, what side has a low concentration and which has a high concentration of H+?

A

the intermembrane space has a high concentration, and the matrix has a low concentration

27
Q

NADH and FADH are…

A

electron carrier molecules (10 NADH and 2 FADH during the ETC)

28
Q

how much ATP is produced in the ETC?

A

30 ATP

29
Q

what is the efficiency of aerobic respiration?

A

38 x (12 kcal)/686 kcal = 66%

30
Q

what is the efficiency of anaerobic respiration?

A

2 x (12 kcal)/686 kcal = 3%

31
Q

what is produced during alcoholic fermentation?

A

2 ATP, 2 ethanol, 2 CO2

32
Q

what is produced during lactic acid fermentation?

A

2 ATP, 2 lactase

Biology H (12 decks)

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