cellular regulation

Question 1

types of hemophilia

Answer 1

hemophilia A
hemophilia B
losing more blood due to not being able to clot
prolonged bleeding into joints and muscles

Question 2

hemophilia A

Answer 2

deficiency of factor VIII (8) - clotting protein
80% of cases

Question 3

hemophilia B

Answer 3

christmas disease
deficiency in factor IX (9)

Question 4

hemophilia injury treatment (hemoarthrosis)

Answer 4

prevention of bleeding episodes
IV infusion of missing factor (more during injury)
avoid NSAIDS and aspirin
no weight bearing on affected joint/muscle
RICE (rest, ice, compress, elevate)

Question 5

sickle cell crisis

Answer 5

vaso-occlusive thrombo- most common, very painful
acute chest syn - mimics heart attack
acute splenic - life threatening, death within hours, blood pools in spleen
aplastic episodes

Question 6

sickle cell crisis interventions

Answer 6

HYDRATION AND OXYGENATION
rest
electrolyte replacement for acidosis
blood transfusion
antibiotics, analgesia
pneumococcal, Hib, meningococcal, flu vax

Question 7

iron deficiency anemia

Answer 7

most common nutritional deficiency
insufficient amount of iron in the body
can be due to decreased absorption
renal failure

Question 8

iron deficiency anemia treatment

Answer 8

diet high in iron - peanut butter, beans, almonds, lean meats
limit cows milk 20-24ox/day for children under 12 mo
whole milk 12-24 months only
2-5yrs: 16-20oz low fat/skim milk
oral iron supplements

Question 9

iron deficiency anemia interventions

Answer 9

monitor for tarry green stools
iron dextron usually weekly - IM

Question 10

iron deficiency anemia education

Answer 10

give iron thru straw to prevent staining
give with vitamin C juice
give on empty stomach
iron fortified formula is IMPORTANT thru first year of life
calcium interferes with absorption
no cows milk before 12 months

Question 11

treatment of cancer in children

Answer 11

multimodal regimen
chemotherapy
radiation
surgery
targeted therapies
palliative care
hematopoietic stem cell transplant
TX USUALLY FOR 4 YEARS

Question 12

side effects of chemo

Answer 12

neutropenia (ANC)
infection
anemia
N/V/D
altered nutrition
dehydration
alopecia
fatigue
pain

Question 13

intrathecal chemo

Answer 13

injecting anticancer drugs in cerebrospinal fluid

Question 14

vaccine to avoid during cancer treatmnet

Answer 14

meningococcal vaccines

Question 15

ANC

Answer 15

neutropenia under 500
severe neutropenia under 100
7-14 days after chemo
multiply WBC * % seg neturophils + bands

Question 16

how to know if cancer infiltrated the CNS

Answer 16

lumbar puncture
remain flat 4-8 hours
sterile procedure
analyzes cerebrospinal fluid for cancer cells

Question 17

lumbar puncture

Answer 17

side lying
sterile
lay flat for 4-8hours
identifies stem cells